Neural activity changes in unaffected children of patients with schizophrenia: A resting-state fMRI study

Tang, Yanqing; Chen, Kaiyuan; Zhou, Yifang; Liu, Jie; Wang, Ye; Driesen, Naomi; Edmiston, E. Kale; Chen, Xiaogang; Jiang, Xiaowei; Kong, Liang; Zhou, Qian; Li, Huanhuan; Wu, Feng; Wang, Zhe; Wang, Fei

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2015.07.025

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…Evidence suggests that the calcarine cortex is involved in visual processing of emotional stimuli, and increased activation of the visual cortical regions has been observed when people experiencing emotional stimuli . The results of increased FCS in the left calcarine cortex are in line with a recent finding of increased amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuations in the bilateral calcarine sulcus in subjects with genetic high risk for schizophrenia . Previous structural and functional MRI studies in patients with schizophrenia found reduced visual cortex thickness and impaired dorsal stream visual region activation, and dysfunction in these brain regions were linked with neurocognitive dysfunction, such as masking task performance deficits and some other perceptual processing tests impairment .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Altered functional connectivity strength and its correlations with cognitive function in subjects with ultra‐high risk for psychosis at rest

Lyu

Liu

et al. 2018

CNS Neurosci Ther

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Significantly altered FCS in the frontal-occipital network is observed in the UHR subjects. Furthermore, decreased FCS in the left middle frontal gyrus and increased FCS in the left calcarine have significant correlations with the cognitive measures of the UHR subjects and thus improve our understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of schizophrenia. Moreover, a combination of the FCS values in the 2 brain areas can serve as a potential image marker to distinguish UHR subjects from healthy controls.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Altered functional connectivity strength and its correlations with cognitive function in subjects with ultra‐high risk for psychosis at rest

Lyu

Liu

et al. 2018

CNS Neurosci Ther

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“…Therefore, an important future research direction is to identify what aspects of clinical prognosis (eg, adaptive functioning decrements, distress levels, conversion to psychosis) do the observed alterations in regional LFO amplitude relate to. LFO amplitudes were reduced in first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients in some (Guo et al, 2015;Tang et al, 2015), but not all (Lui et al, 2015;Meda et al, 2015), prior studies, suggesting that LFO amplitude deficits may be related to genetic risk for schizophrenia. Regardless, our findings suggest that intrinsic BOLD LFO functioning relates to clinical risk for psychosis, and furthermore may represent an illness vulnerability marker that worsens after illness onset.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Reduced Amplitude of Low-Frequency Brain Oscillations in the Psychosis Risk Syndrome and Early Illness Schizophrenia

Fryer

Roach

Wiley

et al. 2016

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Low-frequency oscillations (LFOs) of the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal are gaining interest as potential biomarkers sensitive to neuropsychiatric pathology. Schizophrenia has been associated with alterations in intrinsic LFOs that covary with cognitive deficits and symptoms. However, the extent to which LFO dysfunction is present before schizophrenia illness onset remains unknown. Resting-state FMRI data were collected from clinical high-risk (CHR; n=45) youth, early illness schizophrenia (ESZ; n=74) patients, and healthy controls (HCs; n=85) aged 12-35 years. Age-adjusted voxelwise fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF; 0.01-0.08 Hz) of the BOLD signal was compared among the three groups. Main effects of Group (p<0.005 height threshold, familywise error cluster-level corrected p<0.05) were followed up via Tukey-corrected pairwise comparisons. Significant main effects of Group (p<0.05) revealed decreased fALFF in ESZ and CHR groups relative to HCs, with values in the CHR group falling between those of ESZ and HC groups. These differences were identified primarily in posterior cortex, including temporoparietal regions, extending into occipital and cerebellar lobes. Less LFO activity was related to greater symptom severity in both CHR and ESZ groups in several of these posterior cortical regions. These data support an intermediate phenotype of reduced posterior cortical LFO amplitude in CHR individuals, with resting fALFF values smaller than in HCs but higher than in ESZ patients. Findings indicate that LFO magnitude alterations relate to clinical symptoms and predate psychosis onset but are more pronounced in the early stages of schizophrenia.

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“…Lin et al (2017) identified the lingual gyrus as a genetic risk region in SZ. The postcentral gyrus consists of the primary somatosensory cortex, and previous studies have found functional changes in the postcentral gyrus in early onset SZ and HR (Jiang et al, 2015;Liu et al, 2017;Tang et al, 2015). We consider these changes in short-range connections as vulnerability to SZ that are not sufficient for disease expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dynamic changes of functional segregation and integration in vulnerability and resilience to schizophrenia

Duan

Xia

Womer

et al. 2019

Human Brain Mapping

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Schizophrenia (SZ) is a highly heritable disease with neurodevelopmental origins and significant functional brain network dysfunction. Functional network is heavily influenced by neurodevelopment processes and can be characterized by the degree of segregation and integration. This study examines functional segregation and integration in SZ and their first‐degree relatives (high risk [HR]) to better understand the dynamic changes in vulnerability and resiliency, and disease markers. Resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging data acquired from 137 SZ, 89 HR, and 210 healthy controls (HCs). Small‐worldness σ was computed at voxel level to quantify balance between segregation and integration. Interregional functional associations were examined based on Euclidean distance between regions and reflect degree of segregation and integration. Distance strength maps were used to localize regions of altered distance‐based functional connectivity. σ was significantly decreased in SZ compared to HC, with no differences in high risk (HR). In three‐group comparison, significant differences were noted in short‐range connectivity (primarily in the primary sensory, motor and their association cortices, and the thalamus) and medium/long‐range connectivity (in the prefrontal cortices [PFCs]). Decreased short‐ and increased medium/long‐range connectivity was found in SZ. Decreased short‐range connectivity was seen in SZ and HR, while HR had decreased medium/long‐range connectivity. We observed disrupted balance between segregation and integration in SZ, whereas relatively preserved in HR. Similarities and differences between SZ and HR, specific changes of SZ were found. These might reflect dynamic changes of segregation in primary cortices and integration in PFCs in vulnerability and resilience, and disease markers in SZ.

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Neural activity changes in unaffected children of patients with schizophrenia: A resting-state fMRI study

Cited by 36 publications

References 56 publications

Altered functional connectivity strength and its correlations with cognitive function in subjects with ultra‐high risk for psychosis at rest

Altered functional connectivity strength and its correlations with cognitive function in subjects with ultra‐high risk for psychosis at rest

Reduced Amplitude of Low-Frequency Brain Oscillations in the Psychosis Risk Syndrome and Early Illness Schizophrenia

Dynamic changes of functional segregation and integration in vulnerability and resilience to schizophrenia

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