Neural basis for reduced executive performance with hypoxic exercise

Ochi, Genta; Yamada, Yuhki; Hyodo, Kazuki; Suwabe, Kazuya; Fukuie, Takemune; Byun, Kyeongho; Dan, Ippeita; Soya, Hideaki

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.091

Cited by 56 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Despite our proposal that the combined effects of acute exercise and hypoxia are determined by the interaction, neural correlates responsible for cognitive improvement or impairment remain to be elucidated. A neuroimaging study revealed that cognitive impairment after exercise under hypoxia was associated with reduction in task‐related activation in the left DLPFC using fNIRS . This suggests that the DLPFC is responsible for cognitive impairment after exercise in hypoxia and that activation in the DLPFC plays a crucial role in cognitive performance when acute exercise and hypoxia are combined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A neuroimaging study revealed that cognitive impairment after exercise under hypoxia was associated with reduction in task-related activation in the left DLPFC using fNIRS. 31 This suggests that the DLPFC is responsible for cognitive impairment after exercise in hypoxia and that activation in the DLPFC plays a crucial role in cognitive performance when acute exercise and hypoxia are combined. Nevertheless, this is the only study that examined neural correlates and additional empirical evidence is required to support these initial findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, several studies demonstrated that cognitive performance was impaired during, or after, exercise in acute hypoxia . Dobashi et al reported impaired color‐word Stroop task (CWST) performance after four bouts of moderate exercise in moderate hypoxia.…”

Section: Combined Effects Of Acute Exercise and Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dobashi et al reported impaired color‐word Stroop task (CWST) performance after four bouts of moderate exercise in moderate hypoxia. Ochi et al indicated that CWST performance was impaired after moderate exercise in moderate hypoxia. Lefferts et al reported impaired performance in the memory recognition and flanker task, but not in the N‐back task, during exercise in severe hypoxia.…”

Section: Combined Effects Of Acute Exercise and Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The interactive effects of acute exercise and hypoxia on cognitive performance: A narrative review

Andò

Komiyama

Sudo

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Acute moderate intensity exercise has been shown to improve cognitive performance. In contrast, hypoxia is believed to impair cognitive performance. The detrimental effects of hypoxia on cognitive performance are primarily dependent on the severity and duration of exposure. In this review, we describe how acute exercise under hypoxia alters cognitive performance, and propose that the combined effects of acute exercise and hypoxia on cognitive performance are mainly determined by interaction among exercise intensity and duration, the severity of hypoxia, and duration of exposure to hypoxia. We discuss the physiological mechanism(s) of the interaction and suggest that alterations in neurotransmitter function, cerebral blood flow, and possibly cerebral metabolism are the primary candidates that determine cognitive performance when acute exercise is combined with hypoxia. Furthermore, acclimatization appears to counteract impaired cognitive performance during prolonged exposure to hypoxia although the precise physiological mechanism(s) responsible for this amelioration remain to be elucidated. This review has implications for sporting, occupational, and recreational activities at terrestrial high altitude where cognitive performance is essential. Further studies are required to understand physiological mechanisms that determine cognitive performance when acute exercise is performed in hypoxia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Combined Effects Of Acute Exercise and Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Combined Effects Of Acute Exercise and Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The interactive effects of acute exercise and hypoxia on cognitive performance: A narrative review

Andò

Komiyama

Sudo

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…They found higher activity in the pre-frontal cortex during task failure irrespective of the tDCS-application conditions. Ochi et al (2018) [121] presented results for pre-frontal activation in a hypoxic environment based on an analysis of15 healthy subjects performing a color word strop task both before and after a 10-minute moderate-intensity exercise. They concluded that hypoxic exercise reduces left-dorso-lateral pre-frontal cortex activity.…”

Section: A Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy (Fnirs)-based Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drowsiness, Fatigue and Poor Sleep’s Causes and Detection: A Comprehensive Study

2019

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Drowsiness/sleepiness is a serious issue that needs to be addressed for improvement in the safety of road driving. Past statistical data on road accidents has shown enormous increases in car crashes due to drowsy/sleepy feelings. This study comprehensively summarizes all aspects of the drowsy state and its effects during car driving: its symptoms, causes, preventive actions, car accident statistics, sleep stages, and the behavioral, physiological and neural activation changes occurring during wakefulness and in the drowsy state. It considers drivers' behavioral data and corresponding methodologies for its analysis, the biomedical signals of the human body (including neuronal signals in the forms of electrical and hemodynamic responses), and their use for drowsiness detection. All of the existing methodologies, their uses and pros and cons, are comprehensively summarized. A detailed survey of the data published by neuro-imaging methodology-, physiological signal-and behavioral methodology-based studies in addition to studies using electro-mechanical installed sensors are statistically and theoretically summarized. Additionally, the neuronal activity occurring during the drowsy and awake states are analyzed, and the important contributions of fNIRS, fMRI and EEG in this context are discussed in detail. Differing existing drowsinessdetection systems installed in popular car brands also are reviewed. Finally, the remaining challenges and future suggestions for drowsiness-detection systems are summarized as well.

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A neural signature for combined action observation and motor imagery? An fNIRS study into prefrontal activation, automatic imitation, and self–other perceptions

et al. 2022

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Introduction: Research indicates that both observed and imagined actions can be represented in the brain as two parallel sensorimotor representations. One proposal is that higher order cognitive processes would align these two hypothetical action simulations. Methods:We investigated this hypothesis using an automatic imitation paradigm, with functional near-infrared spectroscopy recordings over the prefrontal cortex during different motor simulation states. On each trial, participants (n = 14) observed a picture of a rhythmical action (instructed action) followed by a distractor movie showing the same or different action. Participants then executed the instructed action. Distractor actions were manipulated to be fast or slow, and instructions were manipulated during distractor presentation: action observation (AO), combined action observation and motor imagery (AO+MI) and observe to imitate (intentional imitation). A pure motor imagery (MI) condition was also included.Results: Kinematic analyses showed that although distractor speed effects were significant under all instructions (shorter mean cycle times in execution for fast compared to slow trials), this imitation bias was significantly stronger for combined AO+MI than both AO and MI, and stronger for intentional imitation than the other three automatic imitation conditions. In the left prefrontal cortex, cerebral oxygenation was significantly greater for combined AO+MI than all other instructions. Participants reported that their representation of the self overlapped with the observed model significantly more during AO+MI than AO. Conclusion:Left prefrontal activation may therefore be a neural signature of AO+MI, supporting attentional switching between concurrent representations of self (MI, topdown) and other (AO, bottom-up) to increase imitation and perceived closeness.

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Neural basis for reduced executive performance with hypoxic exercise

Cited by 56 publications

References 36 publications

The interactive effects of acute exercise and hypoxia on cognitive performance: A narrative review

The interactive effects of acute exercise and hypoxia on cognitive performance: A narrative review

Drowsiness, Fatigue and Poor Sleep’s Causes and Detection: A Comprehensive Study

A neural signature for combined action observation and motor imagery? An fNIRS study into prefrontal activation, automatic imitation, and self–other perceptions

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