Neural Correlates Supported by Eye Movements of Self-Focused Attention and Other-Focused Attention in Social Situations

Tomita, Nozomi; Minamide, Ayumi; Kumano, Hiroaki

doi:10.1007/s10608-019-10075-2

Cited by 5 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Referring to individual characteristics, literature reported that atypical sensitivity to reward or punishment (e.g., hypersensitivity to reward, hyposensitivity to punishment, or myopia for the future, that is the insensitivity to delayed or infrequent events, whether they be rewards or punishers) explain a poor IGT performance (Bechara, Dolan & Hindes, 2002;Bull, Tippett & Addis, 2015). Also, since selffocused attention is associated with internal and external stimuli (Kronrod & Ackerman, 2019;Tomita, Minamide & Kumano, 2020), it is possible that they cannot be involved in an experimental setting. Future research could replicate this study in a natural environment as well as with a crosssectional model to assess differences in time development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The self’s choice: Priming attentional focus on bodily self promotes loss frequency bias

2021

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When attention is focused on self representation(s), the ability to evaluate one’s internal sensations is enhanced, according to previous research by Ainley and colleagues (Consciousness and Cognition, 22(4), 1231–1238, 2013). Self-representations are usually distinguished between bodily and narrative. Both bodily and narrative representations improve decision-making processes, in that the consideration of alternatives is informed by sensations experienced deep inside the body (e.g., anxiety) as suggest by the literature (Noël, Brevers & Bechara in Frontiers in Psychiatry, 4, 179, 2013). The objective of the present study is to analyze the decision-making process in multiple conditions of stimulated self-representations. Participants played the Iowa Gambling Task three times (a baseline without stimuli and two randomly ordered stimulations to prime bodily and narrative self-representations). While no significant differences emerged regarding advantageous choices, participants showed loss frequency bias in the condition with bodily-self representation priming. Two interpretations are proposed: bodily-self focus acted as a distractor diminishing participants’ commitment to long term outcomes or enhanced interoception promoted aversion to losses. Directions are given for future research and clinical implications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The self’s choice: Priming attentional focus on bodily self promotes loss frequency bias

2021

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“…In the OFA condition, the brain activity in the left superior temporal gyrus (lSTG) was greater than that in the control condition (Tomita et al, 2020). In addition, SFA instructions induced eye movements that indicated avoidance of an audience member who displayed negative gestures, with a positive relationship between these avoidant eye movements and brain activity in the rFPA; however, in the OFA condition, participants did not demonstrate any eye movements associated with hypervigilance or avoidance (Tomita et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To measure SFA and OFA directly in a real-time social situation, Tomita et al (2020) used near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and eye-tracking to examine changes in brain activity following manipulation of SFA and OFA during speech tasks. NIRS is less restrictive than fMRI, making it easier to measure brain activity in real-time social situations (Tomita et al, 2020). In the study by Tomita et al, healthy participants performed speech tasks under SFA, OFA, and control conditions in front of a monitor that displayed four people acting as audience members, who gestured positive, negative, and neutral, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By measuring eye-tracking and brain activity simultaneously, Tomita et al (2020) matched brain regions associated with SFA and OFA with behavioral features such as hypervigilance and avoidance in social situations. During speech tasks, participants were instructed to pay attention according to each condition, and immediately after each speech task, self-report questionnaires were administered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-focused attention related to social anxiety during free speaking tasks activates the right frontopolar area

Tomita

Kumano

2021

Curr Psychol

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Self-focused attention (SFA) and other-focused attention (OFA) are central maintenance factors of social anxiety. Tomita et al., Cognitive Therapy and Research 44:511–525, 2020 investigated brain activities when manipulating SFA and OFA during speech tasks, after controlling for social anxiety, using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and eye-tracking. Compared with the control condition, the SFA condition demonstrated greater activity in the right frontopolar area (rFPA) and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. In the OFA condition, relative to controls, activity was greater in the left superior temporal gyrus. We investigated whether the activity in these brain areas increased in healthy individuals in proportion to their social anxiety tendency without manipulating SFA and OFA. Thirty-nine participants performed speech tasks under a no attentional manipulation (no-instruction) condition and a control (looking at various places) condition. Brain activity was measured using NIRS (oxy-Hb responses), and eye movements were tracked. We found that higher social anxiety was associated with higher rFPA activity in the no-instruction condition compared to the control condition and that higher subjective SFA during the no-instruction condition with higher social anxiety was associated with increased rFPA between the no-instruction and control conditions. These results suggest that greater activity in the rFPA is a useful objective measure of SFA related to social anxiety during speech tasks.

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A double dissociation between self-focused and other-focused attention with higher social anxiety on two “how people see” eye movement measures

Tomita,

Kumano

2024

Curr Psychol

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Neural Correlates Supported by Eye Movements of Self-Focused Attention and Other-Focused Attention in Social Situations

Cited by 5 publications

References 56 publications

The self’s choice: Priming attentional focus on bodily self promotes loss frequency bias

The self’s choice: Priming attentional focus on bodily self promotes loss frequency bias

Self-focused attention related to social anxiety during free speaking tasks activates the right frontopolar area

A double dissociation between self-focused and other-focused attention with higher social anxiety on two “how people see” eye movement measures

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