Neural stem cell therapy—Brief review

Grochowski, Cezary; Radzikowska, Elżbieta; Maciejewski, Ryszard

doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2018.07.013

Cited by 98 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…iNSCs as tools for disease modeling NSCs hold great potential as a virtually unlimited source of patient-specific neural cells for disease modeling and cell therapy [82,83]. The unique properties of iNSCs (self-renewal, clonality, and multipotency) and the fact that they can be generated from somatic cellular sources make them powerful model systems to study human physiology and pathology in vitro and in vivo.…”

Section: Functional Characterization Of Insc-derived Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Take the shortcut – direct conversion of somatic cells into induced neural stem cells and their biomedical applications

et al. 2019

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Second-generation reprogramming of somatic cells directly into the cell type of interest avoids induction of pluripotency and subsequent cumbersome differentiation procedures. Several recent studies have reported direct conversion of human somatic cells into stably proliferating induced neural stem cells (iNSCs). Importantly, iNSCs are easier, faster, and more cost-efficient to generate than induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and also have a higher level of clinical safety. Stably, self-renewing iNSCs can be derived from different cellular sources, such as skin fibroblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and readily differentiate into neuronal and glial lineages that are indistinguishable from their iPSC-derived counterparts or from NSCs isolated from primary tissues. This review focuses on the derivation and characterization of iNSCs and their biomedical applications. We first outline different approaches to generate iNSCs and then discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms. Finally, we summarize the preclinical validation of iNSCs to highlight that these cells are promising targets for disease modeling, autologous cell therapy, and precision medicine. Take the shortcut: from iPSC to iNSCForced expression of lineage-specific transcription factors (TFs) has been shown to reprogram the developmental potential of various somatic cell types e.g. by inducing pluripotency [1]. The seminal breakthrough of fibroblast reprogramming into iPSCs offers a novel experimental tool to generate patient-specific cells for developmental studies and diverse biomedical applications, such as disease modeling and cell therapy. Since then, efficiency and robustness of reprogramming protocols have been substantially improved, but the derivation of patient-specific iPSCs remains a lengthy and cumbersome procedure. Moreover, clinical applications require subsequent redifferentiation of iPSCs into the cell type of interest, which is inefficient and risky because transplanted undifferentiated iPSCs are tumorigenic. In the shadow of iPSC-type reprogramming, second-generation reprogramming paradigms have been developed to bypass the pluripotency state Abbreviations

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Section: Functional Characterization Of Insc-derived Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Take the shortcut – direct conversion of somatic cells into induced neural stem cells and their biomedical applications

et al. 2019

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“…Trace element distribution varies in different types of human tissue [1][2][3], as well as in different locations of the human brain. Several elements were found to have negative properties [4], inducing oxidative stress processes, and thus neurodegeneration [5][6][7]. The homeostasis of biometals is well regulated in healthy human brains and improper function of these systems may cause dysfunction of physiological brain processes [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations Between Trace Elements in Selected Locations of the Human Brain in Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder

et al. 2020

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Trace element distribution varies in different locations of the human brain. Several elements were found to cause various negative effects, such as neurodegeneration. In this paper, we analyzed the interactions between seven trace elements: zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), manganese (Mg), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co) in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and individuals without (control group). Brain tissue samples from 31 individuals with AUD and 31 control subjects were harvested. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry was used for trace element determination. In the control group, there were several positive correlations between Cr, Cu, Fe and Mn. In the AUD group, positive correlations between Co and Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn were found. The majority of correlations between Zn and other elements are positive. In the studied group, Mn had strong positive correlations with Co, Cr, Cu and Fe. The strongest positive correlation found between average element concentration was between Cu and Cr. The knowledge of kinetics and metabolism of trace elements as well as the impact of alcohol on these processes is essential for understanding the pathological processes and functioning of human brain tissue.

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“…Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), capable of self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation, are considered as an ideal kind of stem cells for regenerative medicine [19][20]. Various studies showed that ADSCs have multiple functions in clinical applications, such as cartilage and bone repair, skin wound healing, neuronal regeneration, heart regeneration, and immune disorder treatment [21][22]. Long-term preservation of ADSCs is crucial for clinical application of cell-based therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Combination of Trehalose and Glycerin: An Effective and Non-Toxic Recipe for Clinical Cryopreservation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

Zhang¹,

Tan²,

Xie³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) promote tissue regeneration and repair. Cryoprotective agents (CPA) protect cells from cryodamage in the process of cryopreservation. Safe and efficient cryopreservation of ADSCs is critical in the clinical application of cell-based therapy. However, most CPAs contain toxic concentrations limiting the possibility of their clinical application. Objective: The aim of this study is to develop a non-toxic xeno-free CPA for ADSCs to achieve high-efficiency and low-risk cryopreservation. Methods: We explored the most efficient concentrations in different concentrations of trehalose (0.3M, 0.6M, 1.0M, and 1.25M) and glycerol (10%, 20%, 30% v/v); then evaluated the outcome of the combination of trehalose and glycerol in ADSC cryopreservation, compared to the commonly used CPA, DMSO (10%) + FBS (90%). All samples were slowly freezed and stored in liquid nitrox for 30 days. The effectiveness was evaluated by the cell viability, proliferation, migration and multi-potential differentiation of ADSCs after thawing. Results: Compared to the CPAs with single reagent, 1.0M Tre + 20%Gly group showed significantly higher efficiency in preserving ADSCs activities after thawing, with better outcome in both cell viability and proliferating capacity. Compared to 10%DMSO+90%FBS, ADSCs preserved in 1.0M Tre + 20%Gly group showed similar cell viability, surface markers and multi-potential differentiation but significantly higher migration capability, indicating that better cell function preservation can be achieved by 1.0M Tre + 20%Gly. Conclusions: 1.0M Tre + 20%Gly can preserve ADSCs with high migration capability and cell viability compared to 10%DMSO+90%FBS and maintain similar stemness and multi-potential differentiation as fresh cells. Our results demonstrate that 1.0M Tre + 20%Gly can achieve highly efficient cryopreservation of ADSCs and is suitable for clinical applications.

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Neural stem cell therapy—Brief review

Cited by 98 publications

References 103 publications

Take the shortcut – direct conversion of somatic cells into induced neural stem cells and their biomedical applications

Take the shortcut – direct conversion of somatic cells into induced neural stem cells and their biomedical applications

Correlations Between Trace Elements in Selected Locations of the Human Brain in Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder

The Combination of Trehalose and Glycerin: An Effective and Non-Toxic Recipe for Clinical Cryopreservation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

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