Neurite extension by peripheral and central nervous system neurons in response to substratum-bound fibronectin and laminin

Rogers, Sherry L.; Letourneau, Paul C.; Palm, Sally L.; McCarthy, James B.; Furcht, Leo T.

doi:10.1016/0012-1606(83)90350-0

Cited by 640 publications

(286 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…After 14-16 days of maturation, substrate-specific neuronal cell morphologies became apparent. In both conditions, neurons possessed polarized cell bodies with ramified microtubule-associated protein (MAP)-2 ϩ dendritic trees but, consistent with previous reports (19,20), enhanced outgrowth and branching of growth-associated protein (GAP)-43 ϩ axons were observed on LPO substrates (Fig. 2b).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Temporally restricted substrate interactions direct fate and specification of neural precursors derived from embryonic stem cells

Goetz

Scheffler²,

Chen

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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It was, until now, not entirely clear how the nervous system attains its cellular phenotypic diversity and wired complexity during development. Here we describe how environmental interactions alone can modify the development of neurogenic precursor cells. Upon evaluating distinct growth-permissive substrates in an embryonic stem cell-neurogenesis assay, we found that laminin, fibronectin, and gelatin instruct neural fate and alter the functional specification of neurons when applied at distinct stages of development. Changes in phenotypic, electrophysiological, and molecular characteristics could resemble cellular events and interactions in the early embryonic brain and may explain why these extracellular matrix components transiently demarcate certain developing brain structures.cell culture ͉ extracellular matrix ͉ fibronectin ͉ laminin ͉ sonic hedgehog T he extracellular matrix (ECM) assembles three-dimensional templates around functional units of developing brain and spinal cord before neurons complete their final positioning and alignment. These structures contain large numbers of extracellular molecules that disappear soon after synaptic stabilization (1, 2). It is believed that transient ECM molecules act as ''boundaries'' that instruct afferent fiber ingrowth through adhesive and repulsive cues and thus play a significant role during CNS pattern formation (3). The function of the ECM might extend beyond morphogenetic effects, because loss or disarrangement of boundaries is observed in CNS diseases and malformations (1, 4-6) and because the ECM is involved in regulating synaptic plasticity in the adult (7). However, early embryonic lethality in some animal knockout models (8, 9) and only minor phenotypic abnormalities in others (10) puzzles the study of individual matrix molecules and their receptors during critical periods of neural development in vivo. ES cells used as a model system for neurogenesis offer an alternative approach in vitro. Neural differentiation of pluripotent ES cells can be directed in culture mimicking the entire temporal sequence of CNS development (11-13). Series of defined media and growth factors yield highly enriched multipotent precursors, and, in subsequent culture steps, a variety of molecules and growth factors influence neural subtype specification. For instance, morphogenetic factors [e.g., sonic hedgehog (SHH), FGF8, FGF4, and retinoic acid] direct the differentiation of different rostral and caudal CNS neuron groups (14-16). The focus of the present study was on potential roles for ECM and cell-substrate interactions during fate specification and differentiation of ES cell-derived neural precursors (ESNPs). ResultsIn an attempt to optimize the efficacy of generating neurons and glia from ES cells in vitro, we compared distinct growth-permissive dish coatings in a controlled four-step neural induction protocol. In this paradigm, ES cells grow attached to culture dishes in step III (generation of neural precursors) and IV (maturation of neural phenotypes), thus permitting ...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Temporally restricted substrate interactions direct fate and specification of neural precursors derived from embryonic stem cells

Goetz

Scheffler²,

Chen

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…PDL has additional effects in promoting neuronal cell adhesion [55]. The decision to use both coatings in this study was based on reports in the literature that suggest the attachment and extension of neuronal processes is enhanced on PDL-LAM coated surfaces, compared to PDL alone [56]. The extensive attachment of microglia to nanofibers bears resemblance to the activity of 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 microglia in vivo following transplantation of nanofiber scaffolds into SCI sites [57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An in vitro spinal cord injury model to screen neuroregenerative materials

Weightman¹,

Pickard²,

Yang³

et al. 2014

Biomaterials

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Implantable 'structural bridges' based on nanofabricated polymer scaffolds have great promise to aid spinal cord regeneration. Their development (optimal formulations, surface functionalizations, biocompatibility, topographical influences and degradation profiles) is heavily reliant on live animal injury models. These have several disadvantages including invasive surgical procedures, ethical issues, high animal usage, technical complexity and expense. In vitro 3-D organotypic slice arrays could offer a novel solution to overcome these challenges, but their utility for nanomaterials testing is undetermined. We have developed an in vitro model of spinal cord injury that replicates stereotypical cellular responses to neurological injury in vivo, viz. reactive gliosis, microglial infiltration and limited nerve fibre outgrowth. We describe a facile method to safely incorporate aligned, poly-lactic acid nanofiber meshes (± poly-lysine + laminin coating) within injury sites using a lightweight

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“…Scaffolds with gradient of either LN-1 or NGF, with the other component at uniform distribution, did not promote axonal regeneration across the challenging 20 mm nerve gap. LN-1 is an appropriate candidate as the protein of choice to promote PNS regeneration since it has been shown to be a potent stimulator of neurite outgrowth [21,27,50]. In most neuronal tissues, development of the axons and formation of new synapses is preceded by migration of the neuronal cell bodies to the appropriate regions of the brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences between the effect of anisotropic and isotropic laminin and nerve growth factor presenting scaffolds on nerve regeneration across long peripheral nerve gaps

2008

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Anisotropic scaffolds of agarose hydrogels containing gradients of laminin-1 (LN-1) and nerve growth factor (NGF) molecules were used to promote sciatic nerve regeneration across a challenging 20 mm nerve gap in rats.Step and continuous gradient anisotropic scaffolds were fabricated and characterized and regeneration was compared to that in isotropic scaffolds with uniform concentrations of LN-1 and NGF and sciatic nerve grafts harvested from syngenic rats. Polysulfone tubular guidance channels were used to present the agarose based scaffolds to the nerve stumps. Fourmonths after implantation, regenerating axons were observed in animals implanted with anisotropic scaffolds with gradients of both LN-1 and NGF molecules and nerve grafts, but not in animals with isotropic scaffold implants. Also, the scaffolds with gradient of either LN-1 or NGF, with the other component being uniformly distributed in the scaffold, did not elicit axonal regeneration. The total number of myelinated axons was similar for the anisotropic scaffold and the nerve graft conditions, with the anisotropic scaffolds having a higher density of axons than the nerve grafts. Axonal diameter distribution was similar for the anisotropic scaffolds and the nerve grafts. The nerve grafts and anisotropic scaffolds resulted in better functional outcome compared to isotropic scaffolds as measured by the relative gastrocnemius muscle weight (RGMW). Additionally the state of neuromuscular junctions as assessed by pre-and post-synaptic staining revealed that both the anistropic scaffolds performed as well as nerve grafts.

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Neurite extension by peripheral and central nervous system neurons in response to substratum-bound fibronectin and laminin

Cited by 640 publications

References 39 publications

Temporally restricted substrate interactions direct fate and specification of neural precursors derived from embryonic stem cells

Temporally restricted substrate interactions direct fate and specification of neural precursors derived from embryonic stem cells

An in vitro spinal cord injury model to screen neuroregenerative materials

Differences between the effect of anisotropic and isotropic laminin and nerve growth factor presenting scaffolds on nerve regeneration across long peripheral nerve gaps

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