Neuritic Outgrowth from Goldfish Retinal Explants, Interaction of Taurine and Zinc

Nusetti, S.; Obregón, Francisco; Lima, Lucimey

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-33504-9_50

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In immature postnatal neurons from the ventral tegmental area (VTA), taurine induces large depolarizations through non-synaptic GlyRs, but not through GABA A Rs, and likely represents an important endogenous trophic factor [286]. In the immature retina, taurine potentiates neuritic fiber outgrowth [287], this effect being mediated by an interaction with intracellular zinc [288]. Taurine, via an action on GlyRα2, also seems necessary for the production of rod photoreceptors.…”

Section: Physiological Roles Of Paracrine/autocrine Release Of Taurinementioning

confidence: 97%

GABAA Receptor and Glycine Receptor Activation by Paracrine/Autocrine Release of Endogenous Agonists: More Than a Simple Communication Pathway

et al. 2011

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It is a common and widely accepted assumption that glycine and GABA are the main inhibitory transmitters in the central nervous system (CNS). But, in the past 20 years, several studies have clearly demonstrated that these amino acids can also be excitatory in the immature central nervous system. In addition, it is now established that both GABA receptors (GABARs) and glycine receptors (GlyRs) can be located extrasynaptically and can be activated by paracrine release of endogenous agonists, such as GABA, glycine, and taurine. Recently, non-synaptic release of GABA, glycine, and taurine gained further attention with increasing evidence suggesting a developmental role of these neurotransmitters in neuronal network formation before and during synaptogenesis. This review summarizes recent knowledge about the non-synaptic activation of GABA(A)Rs and GlyRs, both in developing and adult CNS. We first present studies that reveal the functional specialization of both non-synaptic GABA(A)Rs and GlyRs and we discuss the neuronal versus non-neuronal origin of the paracrine release of GABA(A)R and GlyR agonists. We then discuss the proposed non-synaptic release mechanisms and/or pathways for GABA, glycine, and taurine. Finally, we summarize recent data about the various roles of non-synaptic GABAergic and glycinergic systems during the development of neuronal networks and in the adult.

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Section: Physiological Roles Of Paracrine/autocrine Release Of Taurinementioning

confidence: 97%

GABAA Receptor and Glycine Receptor Activation by Paracrine/Autocrine Release of Endogenous Agonists: More Than a Simple Communication Pathway

et al. 2011

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“…Tissue homogenate preparation was made according to Nusetti et al [29]. In brief, 100 mg spleen sample in 0.1 N perchloric acid was homogenized and then centrifuged for 10 min at 6.000 9 g and 4°C.…”

Section: Measurement Of Taurine Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Taurine on Nitric Oxide and 3-Nitrotyrosine Levels in Spleen During Endotoxemia

et al. 2011

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Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is a free sulfur-containing β-amino acid which has antioxidant, antiinflammatory and detoxificant properties. In the present study, the role of endotoxemia on peroxynitrite formation via 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) detection, and the possible antioxidant effect of taurine in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated guinea pigs were aimed. 40 adult male guinea pigs were divided into four groups; control, endotoxemia, taurine and taurine+endotoxemia. Animals were administered taurine (300 mg/kg), LPS (4 mg/kg) or taurine plus LPS intraperitoneally. After 6 h of incubation, when highest blood levels of taurine and endotoxin were attained, the animals were sacrificed and spleen samples were collected. The amounts of 3-nitrotyrosine and taurine were measured by HPLC, and reactive nitrogen oxide species (NOx) which are stable end products of nitric oxide was measured spectrophotometrically in spleen tissues. LPS administration significantly decreased the concentration of taurine whilst increased levels of 3-NT and NOx compared with control group. It was determined that taurine treatment decreased the levels of 3-nitrotyrosine and NOx in taurine+endotoxemia group. The group in which taurine was administered alone, contradiction to well-known antioxidant effect, taurine caused elevated concentration of 3-NT and NOx. This data suggest that taurine protects spleen against oxidative damage in endotoxemic conditions. However, the effect of taurine is different when it is administered alone. In conclusion, taurine may act as an antioxidant during endotoxemia, and as a prooxidant in healthy subjects at this dose.

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“…Tissue homogenenate preparation was made according to Nusetti et al [16]. In brief, each 100 mg liver sample in 500 ll of 0.1N perchloric acid was homogenized and then centrifuged for 10 min at 9,000 g and 4°C.…”

Section: Measurement Of Taurine Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Taurine and 3-Nitrotyrosine Level of Hepatocytes in Experimental Endotoxemia

et al. 2007

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It has been proposed that taurine may function as an oxidant in a dose-dependent manner in vivo and in vitro. The present study was carried out to investigate the relationship between taurine concentration and 3-nitrotyrosine level, a stable marker of peroxynitrite action, in hepatocytes of guinea pig in endotoxemia before and after taurine administration. The levels of taurine and 3-nitrotyrosine were measured by HPLC method. In the present study, taurine was low concentration in hepatocytes exposed to endotoxemia. In taurine plus endotoxin treated animals, HPLC analysis showed higher taurine level compared with animals only supplemented with taurine. But 3-nitrotyrosine levels were same in both taurine alone and taurine plus endotoxin groups. In conclusion, taurine is able to prevent the damaging effect of peroxynitrite, at concentration measured in hepatocytes, in our experimental conditions.

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Neuritic Outgrowth from Goldfish Retinal Explants, Interaction of Taurine and Zinc

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

GABAA Receptor and Glycine Receptor Activation by Paracrine/Autocrine Release of Endogenous Agonists: More Than a Simple Communication Pathway

GABAA Receptor and Glycine Receptor Activation by Paracrine/Autocrine Release of Endogenous Agonists: More Than a Simple Communication Pathway

Effects of Taurine on Nitric Oxide and 3-Nitrotyrosine Levels in Spleen During Endotoxemia

The Relationship Between Taurine and 3-Nitrotyrosine Level of Hepatocytes in Experimental Endotoxemia

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