Neuro-nanotechnology: diagnostic and therapeutic nano-based strategies in applied neuroscience

Abstract

Artificial, de-novo manufactured materials (with controlled nano-sized characteristics) have been progressively used by neuroscientists during the last several decades. The introduction of novel implantable bioelectronics interfaces that are better suited to their biological targets is one example of an innovation that has emerged as a result of advanced nanostructures and implantable bioelectronics interfaces, which has increased the potential of prostheses and neural interfaces. The unique physical–chemical properties of nanoparticles have also facilitated the development of novel imaging instruments for advanced laboratory systems, as well as intelligently manufactured scaffolds and microelectrodes and other technologies designed to increase our understanding of neural tissue processes. The incorporation of nanotechnology into physiology and cell biology enables the tailoring of molecular interactions. This involves unique interactions with neurons and glial cells in neuroscience. Technology solutions intended to effectively interact with neuronal cells, improved molecular-based diagnostic techniques, biomaterials and hybridized compounds utilized for neural regeneration, neuroprotection, and targeted delivery of medicines as well as small chemicals across the blood–brain barrier are all purposes of the present article.

Current Advances in Nanotheranostics for Molecular Imaging and Therapy of Cardiovascular Disorders

“…Diagnostic and therapeutic platforms that use nanotechnology to outperform conventional methods have been widely developed. Innovative explanations for the difficulties of conventional CVDs treatment have been a primary focus of cardiovascular nanomedicine (CVN) . Initial CVN nanosystems targeted improving the security, stability, and bioavailability of already established pharmaceuticals.…”

“…Innovative explanations for the difficulties of conventional CVDs treatment have been a primary focus of cardiovascular nanomedicine (CVN). 77 Initial CVN nanosystems targeted improving the security, stability, and bioavailability of already established pharmaceuticals. Nanomaterials differ from traditional materials in their physicochemical makeup, impacting protein adhesion and cellular activities owing to their larger surface area to volume ratio and higher surface energy.…”

Recent Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Reproductive Disorders

“…Additionally, ongoing research is exploring the use of nanomaterials for diagnostic purposes, such as imaging and sensing techniques, further expanding their potential in the field of medicine . Nanotechnology holds promise to treat many chronic diseases, which include cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, autoimmune inflammatory, infectious, and reproductive diseases, as well as various types of cancer …”

“…Additionally, ongoing research is exploring the use of nanomaterials for diagnostic purposes, such as imaging and sensing techniques, 7 further expanding their potential in the field of medicine. 8 Nanotechnology holds promise to treat many chronic diseases, which include cardiovascular, 9 neurological, 10 gastrointestinal, 11 autoimmune inflammatory, 12 infectious, 13 and reproductive diseases, 14 as well as various types of cancer. 15 With the help of nanoscience, reproductive assistive technology has revolutionized the field of fertility treatments, and scientists have been able to develop innovative methods that improve the success rates of procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and sperm selection by utilizing nano-technology.…”

Chitosan in Oral Drug Delivery Formulations: A Review

“…In this review, we will discuss the pros and cons of drug delivery systems, the basic as well as physicochemical characteristics that could render a drug suitable for pharmaceutical formulation, and the techniques used to assess delivery sustainability, toxicity at the site of delivery, and its feasibility [ 1 ]. Despite the abundance of research on various methods for administering drugs, oral administration is still the most efficient, least complicated, and safest [ 2 , 3 ]. The advent of nanotechnology, and particularly, the field of nanomedicine, has increased the acceptance of nanocarriers as oral drug delivery vehicles, thereby overcoming these restrictions.…”