Neuroanatomy of coprolalia in Tourette syndrome using functional magnetic resonance imaging

Gates, Larry; Clarke, J; Stokes, Aidan; Somorjai, Ray L.; Jarmasz, M.; Vandorpe, Robert; Dursun, Serdar

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2003.10.017

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Gates et al [47] studied a single 15-year-old patient with a matched control who had regular phonic tics but no head tics. The control mimicked tics at roughly the same interval as the patient.…”

Section: Fmri Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional neuroimaging in Tourette syndrome

Rickards¹

2009

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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Section: Fmri Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional neuroimaging in Tourette syndrome

Rickards¹

2009

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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Section: Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas much attention has focused on vocal tics (Frank, 1978;Gates et al, 2004;Goldenburg, Brown, & Weiner, 1994;Lang, Consky, & Sandor, 1993;Martindale, 1976;Peterson et al, 1998;Serra-Mestres, Robertson, & Shetty, 1998;Singer, 1997;Van Borsel & Vanryckeghem, 2000;Woods, Watson, Wolfe, Twohig, & Friman, 2001), few studies have investigated non-tic-related language. Moreover, these few studies have relied on standard neuropsychological measures and clinical impressions (Brookshire, Butler, Ewing-Cobbs, & Fletcher, 1994;Legg, Penn, Temlett, & Sonnenberg, 2005;Ludlow, Polinsky, Caine, Bassich, & Ebert, 1982;O'Quinn & Thompson, 1980;Scheurholz, Baumgardner, Singer, Reiss, & Denckla, 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

Speeded processing of grammar and tool knowledge in Tourette's syndrome

2007

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Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a developmental disorder characterized by motor and verbal tics. The tics, which are fast and involuntary, result from frontal/basal-ganglia abnormalities that lead to unsuppressed behaviors. Language has not been carefully examined in TS. We tested the processing of two basic aspects of language: idiosyncratic and rule-governed linguistic knowledge. Evidence suggests that idiosyncratic knowledge (e.g., in irregular past-tense formation; bring-brought) is stored in a mental lexicon that depends on the temporal-lobe-based declarative memory system that also underlies conceptual knowledge. In contrast, evidence suggests that rule-governed combination (e.g., in regular past-tenses; walk + -ed) takes place in a mental grammar that relies on the frontal/ basal-ganglia based procedural memory system, which also underlies motor skills such as how to use a hammer. We found that TS children were significantly faster than typically-developing control children at producing rule-governed past-tenses (slip-slipped, plim-plimmed, bring-bringed) but not irregular and other unpredictable past-tenses (bring-brought, splim-splam). They were also faster than controls at naming pictures of manipulated (hammer) but not non-manipulated (elephant) items. These data were not explained by a wide range of potentially confounding subject-and item-level factors. The results suggest that the processing of procedurally-based knowledge, both of grammar and of manipulated objects, is particularly speeded in TS. The frontal/basal-ganglia abnormalities may thus lead not only to tics, but to a wider range of rapid behaviors, including in the cognitive processing of rule-governed forms in language and other types of procedural knowledge. Keywords procedural memory; morphology; basal ganglia; picture naming; past tense; regular inflection Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a developmental disorder characterized by the presence of verbal and motor tics (APA, 1994). Tics, which may be expressed as "simple" or "complex" motor movements or vocalizations (e.g., "simple" grunting, or "complex" shouting of phrases), are both fast and involuntary (see references below and Tulen, Groeneveld, Romers, De Vries, & Van De Wetering, 2001). The tics appear to be caused by disturbances of the basal-ganglia and closely connected regions of cortex, especially motor and cognitive regions of the frontal lobes (Albin & Mink, 2006;Albin, Young, & Penney, 1989;Bradshaw, 2001;Singer & Wendlandt, *Corresponding author. Address: Brain and Language Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Box 571464, Washington, DC 20057-1464, Tel: (202) Fax: (202) 687-6914, E-mail: michael@georgetown.edu Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note t...

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“…There are two general methods that can be used in these situations. The first method is to determine the event timing either by monitoring [Gates et al, 2004;Gotman et al, 2004;Hamandi et al, 2004] or by subject response [Bar et al, 2002;Bentaleb et al, 2002;Lennox et al, 2000;Shergill et al, 2001]. The second is to use a data-driven approach that identifies the timing of the BOLD responses in the imaging data directly from the signal intensity time courses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of 2dTCA for the detection of irregular, transient bold activity

Morgan¹,

Li²,

Abou‐Khalil³

et al. 2007

Human Brain Mapping

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The temporal clustering algorithm (TCA) has been developed in order to detect irregular, transient functional MRI (fMRI) activation signals when the timings of the stimuli are unknown. Unfortunately, such methods are also sensitive to signal changes caused by motion and physiological noise. We have developed a modified TCA technique, 2dTCA, which can detect multiple different timing patterns within a dataset so that signals of interest can be separated from artifacts and those of no interest. The objective of this work was to further develop the 2dTCA methods and evaluate their performance in simulated functional MRI datasets. Comparisons were made with TCA and a freely-distributed independent component analysis algorithm (ICA). We created two different sets of six computer-generated phantoms with one and two different simulated activation time courses present in 10 regions of interest. The phantoms also contained real subject rigid and nonrigid body motion and noise. Sensitivity of detection, defined as the true-positive activation rate at false-positive activation rates varying between 0.0001 and 0.01, was compared between methods. Additionally, specificity of detection of the irregular, transient signal of interest was assessed by comparing the number of signal time courses detected by each algorithm. The results suggest that the increased sensitivity of 2dTCA over TCA in detecting this particular signal of interest is comparable to the detection with ICA, but with fewer other signals detected. A few examples of the successful application of 2dTCA to the localization of interictal activity in preliminary studies of temporal lobe epilepsy are also described.

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Neuroanatomy of coprolalia in Tourette syndrome using functional magnetic resonance imaging

Cited by 30 publications

References 7 publications

Functional neuroimaging in Tourette syndrome

Functional neuroimaging in Tourette syndrome

Speeded processing of grammar and tool knowledge in Tourette's syndrome

Development of 2dTCA for the detection of irregular, transient bold activity

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