Neurobiology of childhood trauma and adversity

Teicher, Martin H.; Rabi, Keren; Sheu, Yi-Shin; Seraphin, Sally B.; Andersen, Susan; Anderson, Charles M.; Choi, Jeewook; Tomoda, Akemi

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511777042.014

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Physiologically, victimisation is a trauma which works itself ‘under the skin’ by altering stress response (Ouellet‐Morin et al., 2011) and impacting upon brain structures involved in the processing of social information (Teicher et al., 2010a); such as the anterior insula involved in monitoring bodily sensations to physical and social stimuli (Teicher et al., 2010b). Subsequently, individuals with BPD may not experience a ‘gut feeling’ in response to socially inappropriate behaviour, indicating that a relationship is in jeopardy (King‐Casas et al., 2008); being unaware they do not initiate actions in order to maintain, or repair, relationships in trouble (Meyer‐Lindenberg, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bullied by peers in childhood and borderline personality symptoms at 11 years of age: A prospective study

Wolke

Schreier

Zanarini

et al. 2012

Child Psychology Psychiatry

135

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bullied by peers in childhood and borderline personality symptoms at 11 years of age: A prospective study

Wolke

Schreier

Zanarini

et al. 2012

Child Psychology Psychiatry

135

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“…Past emotional history and the associated subconscious connections can also engender unrealistic future life expectations and attainments which will result from weight loss or a new body image (Teicher et al, 2010). These inner histories and body narratives, by becoming an integral part of the mind-body relationship, come to constitute the "storied bodies and storied selves" described by Sparkes (1999); narratives which may raise expectations that weight loss or change in body shape or size will lead an exciting new career, a new partner, job promotion or a glamorous media opportunity -"if I can gain a new slim body my whole life will change".…”

Section: Theoretical Basis For Hypnosis In Obesity Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, via sociocognitive mechanisms, collusion between the subject and the authoritarian personality of the hypnotist Where such a subconscious repository of inner agendas is present, it will be active right from the start of commencing each and any weight reducing programme, and its contained emotional cul-de-sacs may act to impede all conscious efforts to do what is necessary to lose weight. Past emotional history and the associated subconscious connections can also engender unrealistic future life expectations and attainments which will result from weight loss or a new body image (Teicher et al, 2010). These inner histories and body narratives, by becoming an integral part of the mind-body relationship, come to constitute the "storied bodies and storied selves" described by Sparkes (1999); narratives which may raise expectations that weight loss or change in body shape or size will lead an exciting new However working from a "state" or "dissociation" perspective of hypnosis, it is possible to explore these hidden stories using imagery and regression sessions, which can be instrumental for many patients in bringing such potentially deleterious psychological undercurrents to the surface, where they can be examined and processed in a safe environment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unconscious Agendas in the Etiology of Refractory Obesity and the Role of Hypnosis in Their Identification and Resolution:A New Paradigm for Weight-Management Programs or a Paradigm Revisited?

Entwistle¹,

Webb²,

Abayomi³

et al. 2014

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis

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Hypnosis has long been recognised as an effective tool for producing behavioural change in the eating disorders anorexia and bulimia. Despite many studies from the latter half of the last century suggesting that hypnosis might also be of value in managing obesity situations, the efficacy of the hypnotherapeutic approach for weight reduction has received surprisingly little formal research attention since 2000.This review presents a brief history of early clinical studies in the use of hypnosis for weight reduction; and describes an hypnotherapeutic approach within which a combination of instructional/pedagogic, and exploratory therapeutic sessions can work together synergistically to maximise the potential for sustained weight loss. Hypnotic modulation of appetite and satiation associated peptides and hormones levels may yield additional physiological benefits in type-1 and type-2 diabetes. Between 1959 and over 40 reports were published specifically describing the use of hypnosis for weight reduction (Table 1). The studies varied in size from >100 participants (Goldstein, 1981;, through smaller trials of 20-75 patients, down to those quoting individual case studies (Hanning, 1975;Munro, 1989, ;. Amongst the earliest descriptions of use of hypnosis in a medical situation to treat obesity was Brodie (1964) who (rather contentiously) would tell his obese patients that they had the equivalent of a "fat cancer" that had been growing inside them for years and which needed removal by their learning to eat properly, through the use of his hypnotic therapy. He claimed great success with this personalised approach to treating over 525 patients, but as was the case with many of the early studies, Brodie did not employ any control group nor did he publish any numerical data to substantiate this claim, which limits severely any assessment of the true efficacy of his non-conformist approach. 2 A BRIEF HISTORY OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS FOR OBESITYMost of the authors listed in table 1 employed a sociocognitive or authoritarian approach, utilising varying combinations of suggestion, imagery, anxiety reduction, aversion, covert sensitisation and self-directed programming to facilitate changes in eating habits, usually with apparent benefit in reducing weight in their subjects. However a more analytical or exploratory approach was taken by , , Munro (1989) and , with evident success also. Induction approaches were predominantly progressive relaxation or eye gaze fixation, either in groups or individually, with devices such as hand levitation being used to enhance the depth of hypnosis and hence increase the benefits of the hypnosis sessions (Goldstein, 1981). Some studies additionally taught participants self-hypnosis and/or provided hypnosis tapes for home use.It is difficult to accurately evaluate the claims made by many of these reports as only 17 out of the 43 studies listed incorporated a control cohort, and in only 9 studies were patients followed-up after their hypnosis-induced weight loss to monitor for weight regain, ...

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“…Continuing into adulthood, they are susceptible to a plethora of physical and mental and psychiatric issues (Fisher & Gunnar, 2010). Neurologically, prolonged exposure to relational trauma negatively affects brain development (Teicher et al, 2010). Decreased hippocampal volume and shrunken prefrontal cortex impact speech development, memory formation, and the capacity for logic and reasoning (Schore, 2010;Seigel, 2015;Stien & Kendall, 2004).…”

Section: Developmental Limitations Of Language To Communicate Distresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disrupted and dysregulated patterns of elimination, sleep, nutritional, and delayed language development affecting a range of expressive modalities can be seen (Teicher et al, 2010). As these infants grow their ability to process information to assess and evaluate their environment becomes compromised or distorted and tends toward whole or partial stasis in survival patterns of arousal and defence, that is, anxiety, anger, and apathy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic Resources: Sensorimotor Psychotherapy Approach to Stabilising Arousal in Child and Family Treatment

Lohrasbe

Ogden

2017

ANZ J of Family Therapy

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Trauma first and foremost disrupts the normal functioning of the nervous system, leading to extremes of autonomic arousal that often does not return to baseline once traumatic events are over. Dysregulation of arousal is a common feature in relational trauma. Such dysregulation is present for the individuals and for the family unit. When carers are dysregulated their capacities to cope with the challenges of caregiving are compromised. In turn, children are left to manage not only their own dysregulation but also the fluctuations occurring in their carers. Somatic resources and the embodiment of non‐somatic relational resources are efficient for physiological arousal and emotional regulation. Sensorimotor psychotherapy offers a means to better understand arousal and dysregulation as well as employ effective strategies to stabilise children and carers in challenged families. This article will provide a sensorimotor psychotherapy framework that can help in identifying priorities for therapeutic stabilisation efforts for children with abuse and/or neglect histories and their family members. The authors will discuss the value of employing somatic resources in preference to other categories of resources, and suggest practical ways in which to convert any non‐somatic resource into a more embodied experience.

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Neurobiology of childhood trauma and adversity

Cited by 18 publications

References 54 publications

Bullied by peers in childhood and borderline personality symptoms at 11 years of age: A prospective study

Bullied by peers in childhood and borderline personality symptoms at 11 years of age: A prospective study

Unconscious Agendas in the Etiology of Refractory Obesity and the Role of Hypnosis in Their Identification and Resolution:A New Paradigm for Weight-Management Programs or a Paradigm Revisited?

Somatic Resources: Sensorimotor Psychotherapy Approach to Stabilising Arousal in Child and Family Treatment

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