Neurobiology of migraine

Goadsby, PJ; Charbit, Annabelle R; Andreou, Anna P.; Akerman, Simon; Holland, Philip R.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.03.019

Cited by 342 publications

(319 citation statements)

References 200 publications

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“…These fibers from the trigeminal ganglion extend further to the brainstem. Several studies point to the involvement of the brainstem in migraine pathophysiology [1,19] and a region within the brainstem has been demonstrated to be active during attacks in migraine patients [14,20]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and its receptor components in human and rat spinal trigeminal nucleus and spinal cord at C1-level

2011

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BackgroundCalcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has a key role in migraine pathophysiology and is associated with activation of the trigeminovascular system. The trigeminal ganglion, storing CGRP and its receptor components, projects peripheral to the intracranial vasculature and central to regions in the brainstem with Aδ- and C-fibers; this constitutes an essential part of the pain pathways activated in migraine attacks. Therefore it is of importance to identify the regions within the brainstem that processes nociceptive information from the trigeminovascular system, such as the spinal trigeminal nucleus (STN) and the C1-level of the spinal cord. Immunohistochemistry was used to study the distribution and relation between CGRP and its receptor components - calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) and receptor activity modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) - in human and rat STN and at the C1-level, using a set of newly well characterized antibodies. In addition, double-stainings with CGRP and myelin basic protein (MBP, myelin), synaptophysin (synaptic vesicles) or IB4 (C-fibers in general) were performed.ResultsIn the STN, the highest density of CGRP immunoreactive fibers were found in a network around fiber bundles in the superficial laminae. CLR and RAMP1 expression were predominately found in fibers in the spinal trigeminal tract region, with some fibers spanning into the superficial laminae. Co-localization between CGRP and its receptor components was not noted. In C1, CGRP was expressed in fibers of laminae I and II. The CGRP staining was similar in rat, except for CGRP positive neurons that were found close to the central canal. In C1, the receptor components were detected in laminae I and II, however these fibers were distinct from fibers expressing CGRP as verified by confocal microscopy.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the detailed expression of CGRP and its receptor components within STN in the brainstem and in the spinal cord at C1-level, and shows the possibility of CGRP acting postjunctionally in these areas putatively involved in primary headaches.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and its receptor components in human and rat spinal trigeminal nucleus and spinal cord at C1-level

2011

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“…An advancing wave of brief excitation would then be followed by a longerlasting inhibition of spontaneous and evoked neuronal activity that traverses the cortex (Somjen 2001, Goadsby 2007, Lauritzen 1994, Cutrer et al 1998, Hadjikhani et al 2001and Bowyer et al 2001. In humans, evidence for a causal role of CSD in the aura comes from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) performed during migraine attacks with aura (Hadjikhani et al 2001) The nature and mechanisms of the primary brain dysfunction leading to the activation of the meningeal trigeminal nociceptors remain incompletely understood (for reviews see Charles 2009, Goadsby et al 2009a, Levy et al 2009 and it is controversial whether CSD can initiate the migraine headache cascade by itself. Animal studies support the idea that CSD may also initiate the headache mechanisms, but the connection between CSD and headache in patients (particularly those with migraine without aura) remains an open question (Ayata 2009, Pietrobon andStriessnig 2003).…”

Section: Migraine and Familial Hemiplegic Migraine (Fhm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

CaV2.1 voltage activated calcium channels and synaptic transmission in familial hemiplegic migraine pathogenesis

Uchitel

Inchauspe

Urbano

et al. 2012

Journal of Physiology-Paris

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“…3 These factors modify dynamic interactions between various brain areas and compo nents that define the individual's level of susceptibil ity to migraine. The susceptibility level fluctuates and at times becomes sufficiently intense to precipitate a migraine attack.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relative importance and exact sequence of activa tion of these structures during a migraine attack might vary with the migraine type, and remains a topic for extensive research. 3,4 The temporal precision and noninvasiveness of electro physiological methods make them particu larly well suited to study of the cyclic functional brain changes associated with migraine. 5 Investigators using these techniques have demonstrated that the migrainous brain has altered functioning between migraine attacks, and that this brain dysfunction undergoes cyclic changes up to initiation of the attack.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered processing of sensory stimuli in patients with migraine

et al. 2014

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| Migraine is a cyclic disorder, in which functional and morphological brain changes fluctuate over time, culminating periodically in an attack. In the migrainous brain, temporal processing of external stimuli and sequential recruitment of neuronal networks are often dysfunctional. These changes reflect complex CNS dysfunction patterns. Assessment of multimodal evoked potentials and nociceptive reflex responses can reveal altered patterns of the brain's electrophysiological activity, thereby aiding our understanding of the pathophysiology of migraine. In this Review, we summarize the most important findings on temporal processing of evoked and reflex responses in migraine. Considering these data, we propose that thalamocortical dysrhythmia may be responsible for the altered synchronicity in migraine. To test this hypothesis in future research, electrophysiological recordings should be combined with neuroimaging studies so that the temporal patterns of sensory processing in patients with migraine can be correlated with the accompanying anatomical and functional changes.

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Neurobiology of migraine

Cited by 342 publications

References 200 publications

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and its receptor components in human and rat spinal trigeminal nucleus and spinal cord at C1-level

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and its receptor components in human and rat spinal trigeminal nucleus and spinal cord at C1-level

CaV2.1 voltage activated calcium channels and synaptic transmission in familial hemiplegic migraine pathogenesis

Altered processing of sensory stimuli in patients with migraine

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