Neurobiology of Stress and Drug Use Vulnerability in Culturally Diverse Communities

Obasi, Ezemenari M.; Wilborn, Kristin; Cavanagh, Lucia; Yan, Sandra C.; Ewane, Ewune

doi:10.1002/9781119181361.ch15

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Equally important is the need for more investigations on the unique and shared cultural protective factors (e.g., racial/ethnic identity, cultural socialization, and religiosity) that buffer the effect of adversity among African American individuals on shaping development and psychopathology (Causadias, 2013; García Coll, Akerman, & Cicchetti, 2000). Thus, future studies are needed to use a multiple-level analysis to examine the interplay between cultural risk and protective factors, genetic predispositions, and neurobiological systems in influencing alcohol problems and related outcomes in African Americans and other racial/ethnic groups (Brody et al, 2011; Causadias & Korous, 2018; Obasi et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that the patterns of G × E effects previously observed in European Americans are not generalizable to African Americans (Olfson et al, 2014; Sartor et al, 2014). It is also possible that, other cultural risk and protective factors relevant to African Americans, such as racial discrimination and religiosity (Causadias, 2013; Causadias & Korous, 2018; Obasi, Wilborn, Cavanagh, Yan, & Ewane, 2018), are potential moderators of genetic risk for alcohol problems and related outcomes within this population (Brody et al, 2011). Alternatively, our null finding of G × E effects could be due to low predictive power of our alcohol dependence genome-wide polygenic risk scores as discussed above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are other environmental stressors (e.g., experiences of racial discrimination and daily microaggressions) that are salient risk factors for alcohol and related problems among African Americans (Williams et al, 2010). There is also neurobiological evidence linking stress dysregulation and alcohol and drug use in racially diverse samples such as African American communities (Obasi et al, 2018). Equally important is the need for more investigations on the unique and shared cultural protective factors (e.g., racial/ethnic identity, cultural socialization, and religiosity) that buffer the effect of adversity among African American individuals on shaping development and psychopathology (Causadias, 2013; García Coll, Akerman, & Cicchetti, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining interactions between genetic risk for alcohol problems, peer deviance, and interpersonal traumatic events on trajectories of alcohol use disorder symptoms among African American college students

Kuo

Meyers

et al. 2018

Dev Psychopathol

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Numerous studies have demonstrated that genetic and environmental factors interact to influence alcohol problems. Yet prior research has primarily focused on samples of European descent and little is known about gene-environment interactions in relation to alcohol problems in non-European populations. In this study, we examined whether and how genetic risk for alcohol problems and peer deviance and interpersonal traumatic events independently and interactively influence trajectories of alcohol use disorder symptoms in a sample of African American students across the college years (N = 1,119; Mage = 18.44 years). Data were drawn from the Spit for Science study where participants completed multiple online surveys throughout college and provided a saliva sample for genotyping. Multilevel growth curve analyses indicated that alcohol dependence genome-wide polygenic risk scores did not predict trajectory of alcohol use disorder symptoms, while family history of alcohol problems was associated with alcohol use disorder symptoms at the start of college but not with the rate of change in symptoms over time. Peer deviance and interpersonal traumatic events were associated with more alcohol use disorder symptoms across college years. Neither alcohol dependence genome-wide polygenic risk scores nor family history of alcohol problems moderated the effects of these environmental risk factors on alcohol use disorder symptoms. Our findings indicated that peer deviance and experience of interpersonal traumatic events are salient risk factors that elevate risk for alcohol problems among African American college students. Family history of alcohol problems could be a useful indicator of genetic risk for alcohol problems. Gene identification efforts with much larger samples of African descent are needed to better characterize genetic risk for alcohol use disorders, in order to better understand gene-environment interaction processes in this understudied population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining interactions between genetic risk for alcohol problems, peer deviance, and interpersonal traumatic events on trajectories of alcohol use disorder symptoms among African American college students

Kuo

Meyers

et al. 2018

Dev Psychopathol

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“…Racial/ethnic minorities can be disproportionately affected by socioeconomic status due to the cumulative risk of additional cultural stressors. These cultural stressors include acculturative stress, immigration status, historical trauma, and racism (Obasi, Wilborn, Cavanagh, Yan, & Ewane, 2018). In addition, the effects of socioeconomic status and racism overlap because racial/ethnic minorities are more likely to experience socioeconomic disadvantage compared to Whites (McLoyd, 1998).…”

Section: The Role Of Moderators: Racial/ethnic Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unpacking the link between socioeconomic status and behavior problems: A second-order meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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Substantial evidence links socioeconomic status to internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. However, it is unclear how these two categories of behavior problems relate to specific components of socioeconomic status (e.g., income, educational attainment, and occupational prestige) or overall social status. In this study, we conducted a second-order meta-analysis to estimate the average associations of income, education, occupation, and overall socioeconomic status with internalizing and externalizing behavior problems, and to examine if age, sex, and race/ethnicity moderated these associations. Our systematic search in PsycINFO, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global identified 12 meta-analyses (17% unpublished), including approximately 474 primary studies and 327,617 participants. In relation to internalizing, we found small average associations with income,r+= –.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) [–.31, –.04], and education,r+= –.12, 95% CI [–.15, –.09]. In relation to externalizing, we found smaller associations with income,r+= –.02, 95% CI [–.15, .10], education,r+= –.03, 95% CI [–.16, .10], and overall socioeconomic status,r+= –.05, 95% CI [–.11, .01], but these CIs included zero. Only sex composition of the samples moderated the latter association. We provide recommendations for best practices and future research directions.

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“…Research on neuroscience has documented how group differences in multiple psychological processes correspond to different patterns of brain activity (Han & Ma, 2014), which are related to psychopathy traits (see Viding & McCrory, 2012). Research on stress neurobiology has shown that exposure to unique stressors increases drug use vulnerability among minorities compared to Whites (Obasi, Wilborn, Cavanagh, Yan, & Ewane, 2018), and has documented differences in diurnal cortisol rhythms between White and Black participants that are related to poorer mental health (Skinner, Shirtcliff, Haggerty, Coe, & Catalano, 2011). Furthermore, research on genetics shows that individuals from populations of different geographic ancestry (e.g., European, African, and Asian) show diversity in the presence of rare and common genetic variants, which can affect the prevalence of complex diseases (1000 Genomes Project Consortium, 2012).…”

Section: The Cultural Differences Hypothesis In Developmental Psychopmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Whites and minorities more similar than different? Testing the cultural similarities hypothesis on psychopathology with a second-order meta-analysis

2018

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The cultural differences hypothesis is the assertion that there are large differences between Whites and racial/ethnic minorities in the United States, while there are small differences between- (e.g., African Americans and Latinos) and within- (e.g., Latinos: Mexican Americans and Cuban Americans) minority groups. Conversely, the cultural similarities hypothesis argues that there are small differences between Whites and minorities, and these differences are equal or smaller in magnitude than differences between and within minorities. In this study, we conducted a second-order meta-analysis focused on psychopathology, to (a) test these hypotheses by estimating the absolute average difference between Whites and minorities, as well as between and within minorities, on levels of psychopathology, and (b) determine if general and meta-analytic method moderators account for these differences. A systematic search in PsycINFO, Web of Science, and ProQuest Dissertations identified 16 meta-analyses (13% unpublished) on 493 primary studies (N = 3,036,749). Differences between Whites and minorities (d+ = 0.23, 95% confidence interval [0.18, 0.28]), and between minorities (d+ = 0.30, 95% confidence interval [0.12, 0.48]) were small in magnitude. White–minority differences remained small across moderators. These findings support the cultural similarities hypothesis. We discuss their implications and future research directions.

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Neurobiology of Stress and Drug Use Vulnerability in Culturally Diverse Communities

Cited by 3 publications

References 68 publications

Examining interactions between genetic risk for alcohol problems, peer deviance, and interpersonal traumatic events on trajectories of alcohol use disorder symptoms among African American college students

Examining interactions between genetic risk for alcohol problems, peer deviance, and interpersonal traumatic events on trajectories of alcohol use disorder symptoms among African American college students

Unpacking the link between socioeconomic status and behavior problems: A second-order meta-analysis

Are Whites and minorities more similar than different? Testing the cultural similarities hypothesis on psychopathology with a second-order meta-analysis

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