Neurochemical compartments in the human forebrain: Evidence for a high density of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity in the extended amygdala

Kaufmann, Walter A.; Barnas, Usso; Maier, Johann; Saria, Alois; Alheid, George F.; Marksteiner, Josef

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2396(199706)26:2<114::aid-syn3>3.0.co;2-b

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Similar neurochemical compartments of a high density of SN-like immunoreactivity in the extended amygdala could also be described in human brain, providing strong evidence that the functional neuroanatomy of SN and other peptides in forebrain regions of rat can be well compared with the situation in humans and that the "extended amygdala" is in fact a discrete functional unit, as previously hypothesized [56].…”

Section: Functional Neuroanatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Secretoneurin: A New Player in Angiogenesis and Chemotaxis Linking Nerves, Blood Vessels and the Immune System

Fischer‐Colbrie

Kirchmair²,

Kähler³

et al. 2005

CPPS

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Secretoneurin (SN) represents a 33 amino acid neuropeptide, which is highly conserved between mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibians and fish. It is specifically expressed in endocrine, neuroendocrine and neuronal tissues. In brain, the pattern of SN expression is widespread and unique, partially overlapping with established neurotransmitters. ProSN, the precursor protein, also named secretogranin II, belongs to a class of proteins collectively called chromogranins. Changes in ProSN mRNA, which is significantly regulated by cell depolarisation, represent a useful marker for both rapid and long-lasting changes (positive and negative) of neuronal activity. Under pathophysiological conditions, especially following cellular hypoxia, SN expression can be induced in non-endocrine tissues like muscle cells, pneumocytes or tumor epithelial cells. Several biological effects were attributed to SN. SN releases dopamine from rat striatal slices in a dose dependent manner and influences neurite outgrowth in the developing cerebellum. It potently and specifically attracts monocytes, eosinophils and endothelial cells towards a concentration gradient and acts as an angiogenic cytokine comparable in potency to VEGF. Thus, SN contributes to neurogenic inflammation and might play a role in the (hypoxia-driven) induction of neo-vascularisation in ischemic diseases like peripheral or coronary artery disease, diabetic retinopathia, cerebral ischemia or in solid tumors. The signalling pathways of various biological effects have not been identified in detail, but most data point to a G-protein coupled receptor structure with respective associated intracellular events.

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Section: Functional Neuroanatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Secretoneurin: A New Player in Angiogenesis and Chemotaxis Linking Nerves, Blood Vessels and the Immune System

Fischer‐Colbrie

Kirchmair²,

Kähler³

et al. 2005

CPPS

Self Cite

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“…Among these, a neuropeptide derived from secretogranin II [4], secretoneurin (SN), has been discovered recently [11]. SN is distinctly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system [9,10,15,16,17,18,19,29,31] and released by depolarization of cells in a calcium-dependent manner [32] and exerts a variety of functional effects [5]. High-affinity binding sites for SN have been found on human monocytes [13] and on a monocytic cell line [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated levels of secretoneurin in the rabbit aqueous humor in response to formaldehyde irritation

Kralinger

Hinterhölzl

Troger

et al. 2003

Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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The neuropeptide secretoneurin has been detected in the anterior segment of the eye for the first time. The elevation of secretoneurin in formaldehyde-treated eyes may be induced by an enhanced release from the iris/ciliary body complex, as formaldehyde is known to provoke neurogenic inflammation in the anterior segment via release of sensory peptides originating from the trigeminal ganglion. This is why our results indicate a sensory origin of secretoneurin in the eye.

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Connectivity between the central nucleus of the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in the non-human primate: neuronal tract tracing and developmental neuroimaging studies

et al. 2016

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The lateral division of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BSTL) and central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce) form the two poles of the ‘central extended amygdala’, a theorized subcortical macrostructure important in threat-related processing. Our previous work in nonhuman primates, and humans, demonstrating strong resting fMRI connectivity between the Ce and BSTL regions, provides evidence for the integrated activity of these structures. To further understand the anatomical substrates that underlie this coordinated function, and to investigate the integrity of the central extended amygdala early in life, we examined the intrinsic connectivity between the Ce and BSTL in non-human primates using ex vivo neuronal tract tracing, and in vivo diffusion-weighted imaging and resting fMRI techniques. The tracing studies revealed that BSTL receives strong input from Ce; however, the reciprocal pathway is less robust, implying that the primate Ce is a major modulator of BSTL function. The sublenticular extended amygdala (SLEAc) is strongly and reciprocally connected to both Ce and BSTL, potentially allowing the SLEAc to modulate information flow between the two structures. Longitudinal early-life structural imaging in a separate cohort of monkeys revealed that extended amygdala white matter pathways are in place as early as 3 weeks of age. Interestingly, resting functional connectivity between Ce and BSTL regions increases in coherence from 3 to 7 weeks of age. Taken together, these findings demonstrate a time period during which information flow between Ce and BSTL undergoes postnatal developmental changes likely via direct Ce->BSTL and/or Ce <-> SLEAc <-> BSTL projections.

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Neurochemical compartments in the human forebrain: Evidence for a high density of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity in the extended amygdala

Cited by 16 publications

References 74 publications

Secretoneurin: A New Player in Angiogenesis and Chemotaxis Linking Nerves, Blood Vessels and the Immune System

Secretoneurin: A New Player in Angiogenesis and Chemotaxis Linking Nerves, Blood Vessels and the Immune System

Elevated levels of secretoneurin in the rabbit aqueous humor in response to formaldehyde irritation

Connectivity between the central nucleus of the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in the non-human primate: neuronal tract tracing and developmental neuroimaging studies

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