Neurodegenerative Diseases and Cholesterol: Seeing the Field Through the Players

Pfrieger, Frank W.

doi:10.3389/fnagi.2021.766587

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 110 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…To investigate neurodegenerative diseases linked to abnormal cholesterol content in the brain such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s disease as well as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( 61 ), it will be important to consider that all current respective mouse models lack CETP and may thus not fully represent cholesterol metabolic changes in the brain, which may be consequently underestimated. We suggest that mouse models expressing CETP will be a valuable tool to unravel the molecular mechanisms between peripheral and central cholesterol metabolism and neurodegeneration ( 61 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) raises cholesterol levels in the brain

Oestereich¹,

Yousefpour²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

Journal of Lipid Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) raises cholesterol levels in the brain

Oestereich¹,

Yousefpour²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…Cholesterol homeostasis is vital for proper cellular and systemic functions. Disturbed cholesterol balance underlies not only cardiovascular disease but also an increasing number of other diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancers ( 42 , 75 – 77 ). Cholesterol can be converted into sterols/oxysterols and bile acids.…”

Section: Probiotics Diversely Involved In Lipid Metabolism To Improve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics Interact With Lipids Metabolism and Affect Gut Health

Wang

Xiong

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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Probiotics have attracted much attention due to their ability to modulate host intestinal microbe, participate in nutrient metabolism or immunomodulatory. Both inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and bowel cancer are digestive system disease, which have become a global public health problem due to their unclear etiology, difficult to cure, and repeated attacks. Disturbed gut microbiota and abnormal lipid metabolism would increase the risk of intestinal inflammation. However, the link between lipid metabolism, probiotics, and IBD is unclear. In this review, we found that different lipids and their derivatives have different effects on IBD and gut microbes. ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and their derivatives resolvin E1, resolvin D can inhibit oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species activate NFκB and MAPk pathway. While ω-6 PUFAs linoleic acid and arachidonic acid can be derived into leukotrienes and prostaglandins, which will aggravate IBD. Cholesterol can be converted into bile acids to promote lipid absorption and affect microbial survival and colonization. At the same time, it is affected by microbial bile salt hydrolase to regulate blood lipids. Low denstiy lipoprotein (LDL) is easily converted into oxidized LDL, thereby promoting inflammation, while high denstiy lipoprotein (HDL) has the opposite effect. Probiotics compete with intestinal microorganisms for nutrients or ecological sites and thus affect the structure of intestinal microbiota. Moreover, microbial short chain fatty acids, bile salt hydrolase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, etc. can affect lipid metabolism and IBD. In conclusion, probiotics are directly or indirectly involved in lipids metabolism and their impact on IBD, which provides the possibility to explore the role of probiotics in improving gut health.

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“…These diseases affect different metabolic pathways (cholesterol biosynthesis, lipid transport and lipoprotein assembly, apolipoproteins, lipoprotein receptors, and signaling molecules). 6,7 Therefore, in-depth studies of cholesterol and its metabolism may provide new insights into the complex molecular processes of neurodegenerative diseases.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, defects in cholesterol metabolism can lead to structural and functional disorders of the central nervous system, such as Niemann–Pick C disease, Huntington’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. These diseases affect different metabolic pathways (cholesterol biosynthesis, lipid transport and lipoprotein assembly, apolipoproteins, lipoprotein receptors, and signaling molecules). , Therefore, in-depth studies of cholesterol and its metabolism may provide new insights into the complex molecular processes of neurodegenerative diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrylium-Based Derivatization for Rapid Labeling and Enhanced Detection of Cholesterol in Mass Spectrometry Imaging

Huang

Liu

Liú

et al. 2022

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Cholesterol in the central nervous system has been increasingly found to be closely related to neurodegenerative diseases. Defects in cholesterol metabolism can cause structural and functional disorders of the central nervous system. The detection of abnormal cholesterol is of great significance for the cognition of physiological and pathological states of organisms, and the spatial distribution of cholesterol can also provide more clues for our understanding of the complex mechanism of disease. Here, we developed a novel pyrylium-based derivatization reagent combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) to visualize cholesterol in biological tissues. A new class of charged hydroxyl derivatization reagents was designed and synthesized, and finally 1-(carboxymethyl)-2,4,6-trimethylpyridinium (CTMP) was screened for tissue derivatization of cholesterol. Different from the shortcomings of traditional hydroxyl labeling methods such as harsh reaction conditions and long reaction time, in our study, we combined the advantages of CTMP itself and the EDCl/HOBt reaction system to achieve instant labeling of cholesterol on tissues through two-step activation. In addition, we also reported changes in cholesterol content in different stages and different brain regions during disease development in SOD1 mutant mouse model. The cholesterol derivatization method we developed provides an efficient way to explore the distribution and spatial metabolic network of cholesterol in biological tissues.

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Neurodegenerative Diseases and Cholesterol: Seeing the Field Through the Players

Cited by 20 publications

References 110 publications

The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) raises cholesterol levels in the brain

The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) raises cholesterol levels in the brain

Probiotics Interact With Lipids Metabolism and Affect Gut Health

Pyrylium-Based Derivatization for Rapid Labeling and Enhanced Detection of Cholesterol in Mass Spectrometry Imaging

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