Neuroendocrine integrative mechanisms in mammalian pineal gland: Effects of steroid and adenohypophysial hormones on melatonin synthesis in vitro

Cardinali, Daniel P.; Vacas, María I.; Sarmiento, María I. Keller; Etchegoyen, Graciela; Pereyra, Elba N.; Chuluyan, Eduardo

doi:10.1016/0022-4731(87)90355-4

Cited by 52 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In vitro experiments in rats reveal that testosterone reduces the melatonin content of the pineal gland (Cardinali et al 1987) thus supporting the present results which imply that the male sex steroid acts as an inhibitor of the pineal gland activity. Similarly, large dose of androgen inhibits HIOMT activity (Nagle et al 1974, Cardinali 1981) while a small dose of this hormone augments the enzyme activity (Cardinali et al 1975;Cardinali 1981).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In female rats hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT) activity is either enhanced (Houssay & Barcelo 1972) or depressed (Wurtman et al 1965) by lower or higher dose of estrogen respectively. Other in vitro and in vivo experiments also show that estradiol augments HIOMT (Mizobe & Furokawa 1976) melatonin synthesis resulting in an increase in pineal melatonin content in both rats and guinea pigs (Cardinali et al 1987). However, in contradiction, recent publications suggest that estrogen modulates both nocturnal pineal melatonin synthesis and adenylate activity in peripubertal female rats, indicating inhibition of the pineal activity (Okatani et al 1997(Okatani et al , 1998a.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Testosterone has also been found to cause inhibition of pineal cellular synthesis (Armer 1976), whereas it stimulates melatonin synthesis activity in the pineal gland of male rats (Urry et al 1976), but it appears to be non-stimulatory, if not inhibitory, to the pineal function in the wild male rodent, Bandicoota bengalensis . Experimental results suggest that influence of androgens on pineal glands are dependent on the dose of testosterone, it may be either stimulated at low dose (Cardinali et al 1975) or inhibited at higher doses (Nagle et al 1974;Cardinali et al 1987). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steroid hormone and antihormone induced changes in the pineal and adrenocortical karyomorphology and cell proliferation in mice ( Mus musculus )

Bandyopadhyay¹,

Dasgupta²,

Chakraborty³

2010

IJB

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Hormone-induced reponsiveness of the pineal and adrenal glands was studied in post-pubertal male mice (Mus musculus). The influence of steroid hormones (estradiol and testosterone) and non-steroidal antihormones (tamoxifen and flutamide) on pineal and adrenal karyomorphology and cell proliferation activity was analyzed. Estradiol was injected at a dose of 5µg, testosterone 100µg, tamoxifen 500µg and flutamide 2mg per 100g body weight administered intramuscularly in all cases for ten consecutive days. Control mice were similarly injected with 0.3ml of peanut oil vehicle intramuscularly for the same duration. The results indicated that, except testosterone, all other treatments with estradiol, tamoxifen and flutamide caused significant hyperactivity in both the pineal and the adrenal glands, associated with significantly increased cell proliferation activity. On the contrary, testosterone administration was inhibitory to pineal -adrenal karyometric and mitotic incidence values. It was concluded that in male post-pubertal mice both pineal and adrenal glands show antagonistic response towards estradiol and testosterone administration. Although tamoxifen showed estrogen agonistic behaviour, flutamide conversely induced pineal and adrenal cytophysiological stimulation. Such stimulatory response was antagonistic to the inhibitory response shown by pineal and adrenal karyomorphology and cell proliferation following testosterone administration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steroid hormone and antihormone induced changes in the pineal and adrenocortical karyomorphology and cell proliferation in mice ( Mus musculus )

Bandyopadhyay¹,

Dasgupta²,

Chakraborty³

2010

IJB

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“…Nevertheless our male and female treated patients reached non significant different levels of IGF-1, due to higher significant GH doses required in females. Interestingly, estrogens have been shown to modify melatonin production "in vitro" and "in vivo" (26,27). All these factors might contribute to make potential nighttime-daytime differences in GHD and non-GHD women less evident.…”

Section: -Sulfatoxymelatonin In Gh Deficient Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male-female differences in 6-sulfatoxymelatonin excretion in hypopituitary patients

Fideleff

Boquete

et al. 2016

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: To evaluate melatonin secretion in adult hypopituitary patients with Growth Hormone deficiency (AGHD) on and off replacement therapy. Subjects and methods: We studied 48 subjects: 12 (6 males) untreated AGHD (AGHDnt), 20 (10 males) treated AGHD (AGHDt) and 16 healthy subjects (8 males) as control group (CG). We measured urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-SM) in total (24 h samples), nocturnal (6-SMn): 1800-0800 and diurnal samples (6-SMd): 0800-1800. Results: Significant differences were observed among the 3 groups of male subjects, in total 6-SM (p < 0.05), nocturnal 6-SM (p < 0.02) and nighttime-daytime delta values (p < 0.003). CG had significantly higher values than the AGHDnt in total 6-SM (p < 0.01), nocturnal 6-SM (p < 0.05) and nighttime-daytime delta values (p < 0.01). AGHDt patients showed significantly higher levels in nighttime-daytime delta values than AGHDnt patients (p < 0.05). In females, no significant differences were found among the 3 groups studied in total, nocturnal, diurnal or nighttime-daytime delta values. In males, significant correlations were found among total 6-SM (r = 0.58; p = 0.029), nocturnal 6-SM (r = 0.70; p = 0.006) and nighttime-daytime delta values (r = 0.71; p = 0.004) vs. serum IGF-1 levels in subjects evaluated. In females, significant correlations were found among total 6-SM (r = 0.57; p = 0.02) vs. serum IGF-1 levels in subjects evaluated. A tendency towards a significant correlation was found in diurnal 6-SM (r = 0.48; p = 0.07). Conclusions: Our findings show a sexual dimorphism in 6-SM excretion in AGHD patients and provide an interesting approach to a further understanding of some chronobiological disorders involved in GH deficiency. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2016;60(3):223-30

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“…Amongst all, a diversely altered steroid milieu on the pineal-thyroid cell morphology and function following steroid hormones and antihormones administration appears to be controversial and inconclusive. Such responsiveness appears to depend on the dose and sex of the animal studied (Cardinali et al, 1987(Cardinali et al, ,1975Nagle et al, 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pineal-Thyroid Cytophysiological Responsiveness to Altered Steroid Hormone and Antihormone Milieu in Rat (Rattus rattus)

Sinha¹,

Chattopadhyay²,

Chakraborty³

2010

IJB

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The current investigation was undertaken to assess the pineal and thyroid gland cytophysiology and function in response to an exogenously altered steroid milieu following administration of a steroid hormone and non-steroidal antihormones. In the present study male rats (Rattus rattus) were injected with estradiol at a dose of 2 mg, testosterone 100 µg, tamoxifen 100 µg and flutamide 2 mg per 100 g b.w. intramuscularly for 15 consecutive days. Control rats were similarly injected with peanut oil vehicle intramuscularly for the same duration as the treated groups. The results indicated that pineal and thyroid gland response to estradiol and testosterone administration was opposite in nature. Estradiol induced significant hypertrophy of pineal and thyroid cytophysiology as indexed from significantly increased pineal and thyroid karyomorphological and associated parameter values, testosterone contrarily caused significant atrophy of pineal and thyroid cytophysiological parameters. Tamoxifen acted as a true estrogen agonist, whereas flutamide showed an androgen antagonist nature, thereby causing hyperactivity of pineal and thyroid karyomorphological and associated functions similar to that observed in estradiol treated rats, but contrary to that shown by testosterone induction in these rats.

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Neuroendocrine integrative mechanisms in mammalian pineal gland: Effects of steroid and adenohypophysial hormones on melatonin synthesis in vitro

Cited by 52 publications

References 31 publications

Steroid hormone and antihormone induced changes in the pineal and adrenocortical karyomorphology and cell proliferation in mice ( Mus musculus )

Steroid hormone and antihormone induced changes in the pineal and adrenocortical karyomorphology and cell proliferation in mice ( Mus musculus )

Male-female differences in 6-sulfatoxymelatonin excretion in hypopituitary patients

Pineal-Thyroid Cytophysiological Responsiveness to Altered Steroid Hormone and Antihormone Milieu in Rat (Rattus rattus)

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