Neuroepigenetic regulation of pathogenic memories

Sillivan, Stephanie E.; Vaissière, Thomas; Miller, Courtney A.

doi:10.1016/j.nepig.2014.10.003

Cited by 41 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…In their opinion further research on memory reconsilidation could help to ameliorate maladaptive memories and potentiate adaptive behaviors in psychopathology ( Alberini and LeDoux, 2013 ). Sillivan et al (2015) explore the possibilities of latest research on epigenetic modification. They advocate for a recognition of the contribution of epigenetic mechanisms to how pathological memories associated with addiction and PTSD are stored, expressed, and subsequently modified, possibly leading to novel therapeutic targets ( Sillivan et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Pathogenic Memoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Sillivan et al (2015) explore the possibilities of latest research on epigenetic modification. They advocate for a recognition of the contribution of epigenetic mechanisms to how pathological memories associated with addiction and PTSD are stored, expressed, and subsequently modified, possibly leading to novel therapeutic targets ( Sillivan et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Pathogenic Memoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The AIP Model of EMDR Therapy and Pathogenic Memories

et al. 2017

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Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy has been widely recognized as an efficacious treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In the last years more insight has been gained regarding the efficacy of EMDR therapy in a broad field of mental disorders beyond PTSD. The cornerstone of EMDR therapy is its unique model of pathogenesis and change: the adaptive information processing (AIP) model. The AIP model developed by F. Shapiro has found support and differentiation in recent studies on the importance of memories in the pathogenesis of a range of mental disorders beside PTSD. However, theoretical publications or research on the application of the AIP model are still rare. The increasing acceptance of ideas that relate the origin of many mental disorders to the formation and consolidation of implicit dysfunctional memory lead to formation of the theory of pathogenic memories. Within the theory of pathogenic memories these implicit dysfunctional memories are considered to form basis of a variety of mental disorders. The theory of pathogenic memories seems compatible to the AIP model of EMDR therapy, which offers strategies to effectively access and transmute these memories leading to amelioration or resolution of symptoms. Merging the AIP model with the theory of pathogenic memories may initiate research. In consequence, patients suffering from such memory-based disorders may be earlier diagnosed and treated more effectively.

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Section: Pathogenic Memoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenic Memoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The AIP Model of EMDR Therapy and Pathogenic Memories

et al. 2017

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“…Various forms of epigenetic regulation at the levels of DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can modulate transcriptional and translational events required for memory processes [ 10 ]. About 60% of genes harbor CpG- and GC-rich DNA sequences in their 5′ regulatory region, which are termed CpG island promoters [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Active genes are associated with an open and unmethylated CpG island promoter and hypermethylated CpG islands are correlated with epigenetically silenced genes [ 12 , 13 ]. By changing the cellular profile in the brain's emotional, reward, and memory circuits, these epigenetic modifications have also been linked to perseverant, pathogenic memories typical for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and BPD [ 10 , 14 ]. Since environmental stimuli can influence epigenetic modifications, like DNA methylation, these aberrant marks could be associated with the development of anxiety [ 15 ], suicidality [ 16 ], and vulnerability for stress [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant DNA Methylation of rDNA and PRIMA1 in Borderline Personality Disorder

Teschler

Gotthardt

Dammann

et al. 2016

IJMS

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Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious psychic disease with a high risk for suicide. DNA methylation is a hallmark for aberrant epigenetic regulation and could be involved in the etiology of BPD. Previously, it has been reported that increased DNA methylation of neuropsychiatric genes is found in the blood of patients with BPD compared to healthy controls. Here, we analyzed DNA methylation patterns of the ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA promoter region and 5′-external transcribed spacer/5′ETS) and the promoter of the proline rich membrane anchor 1 gene (PRIMA1) in peripheral blood samples of 24 female patients (mean age (33 ± 11) years) diagnosed with DSM-IV BPD and in 11 female controls (mean age (32 ± 7) years). A significant aberrant methylation of rDNA and PRIMA1 was revealed for BPD patients using pyrosequencing. For the promoter of PRIMA1, the average methylation of six CpG sites was 1.6-fold higher in BPD patients compared to controls. In contrast, the methylation levels of the rDNA promoter region and the 5′ETS were significantly lower (0.9-fold) in patients with BPD compared to controls. Thus, for nine CpGs located in the rDNA promoter region and for four CpGs at the 5′ETS decreased methylation was found in peripheral blood of patients compared to controls. Our results suggest that aberrant methylation of rDNA and PRIMA1 is associated with the pathogenesis of BPD.

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“…Emerging evidence suggests that not only genetic factors but also environmental factors play a pivotal role in the etiology and/or progression of age-related cognitive and memory decline in neurodegenerative disorders. It has been shown that environmental factors such as repeated exposure to toxins, stress, lifestyle, quality of diet and nutrients that we are exposed to in our life could alter gene expression and function by epigenetic mechanisms resulting in many diseases or neurological disorders (1,2). Many comprehensive studies have shown that nutrition has a great impact on our physical and mental health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choline the brain and neurodegeneration insights from epigenetics

Bekdash¹

2018

Front Biosci

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Neurodegenerative disorders are a major public health problem worldwide with huge socioeconomic effect. Recent evidence suggests that neurodegeneration is not only caused by genetic factors but also affected by environmental factors including nutrients. Environmental influences have been shown to cause epigenetic modifications in the brain with long-lasting effects on behavior if they occur in early life. It has been suggested that early nutritional intervention that includes choline, betaine, VitB6, VitB12 and/or folic acid could attenuate decline in cognitive functions. Recently, choline emerged as an essential micronutrient for normal brain development and an epigenetic modifier of the genome that could alter neuronal gene methylation, expression and activity. Choline maintains the structural and functional integrity of membranes and regulates cholinergic neurotransmission via the synthesis of acetylcholine. Choline-related functions have been shown to be dysregulated in several neurodegenerative disorders suggesting a potential role of nutrients in mental health. We will discuss the role of epigenetic mechanisms in neurodegeneration and how nutrients could interact with the epigenome to protect or boost cognitive processes across the lifespan.

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Neuroepigenetic regulation of pathogenic memories

Cited by 41 publications

References 103 publications

The AIP Model of EMDR Therapy and Pathogenic Memories

The AIP Model of EMDR Therapy and Pathogenic Memories

Aberrant DNA Methylation of rDNA and PRIMA1 in Borderline Personality Disorder

Choline the brain and neurodegeneration insights from epigenetics

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