Neuroglobin Expression in the Mammalian Auditory System

Reuss, Stefan; Banica, Ovidiu; Elgurt, Mirra; Mitz, Stephanie; Disque-Kaiser, Ursula; Riemann, Randolf; Hill, Marco; Jaquish, Dawn; Koehrn, Fred J.; Burmester, Thorsten; Hankeln, Thomas; Woolf, Nigel K.

doi:10.1007/s12035-014-9082-1

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…In this aspect, Ngb is highly expressed in the cochlear nuclei and the superior olivary complex (SOC). Moreover, it was reported that Ngb is colocalized with the antioxidant neuronal protein nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the SOC, suggesting the importance of Ngb in oxygen homeostasis and energetic metabolism in the auditory nervous system ( 113 ) (see Table 1 ). Ngb has been also involved in calcium homeostasis ( 27 ), ATP storage, inhibition of actin assembly, and response against increased hydrogen peroxide ion levels .…”

Section: Neuroprotective Potential Of Neuroglobinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection by Neuroglobin Expression in Brain Pathologies

Báez¹,

Echeverrı́a²,

Cabezas³

et al. 2016

Front. Neurol.

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Astrocytes play an important role in physiological, metabolic, and structural functions, and when impaired, they can be involved in various pathologies including Alzheimer, focal ischemic stroke, and traumatic brain injury. These disorders involve an imbalance in the blood flow and nutrients such as glucose and lactate, leading to biochemical and molecular changes that cause neuronal damage, which is followed by loss of cognitive and motor functions. Previous studies have shown that astrocytes are more resilient than neurons during brain insults as a consequence of their more effective antioxidant systems, transporters, and enzymes, which made them less susceptible to excitotoxicity. In addition, astrocytes synthesize and release different protective molecules for neurons, including neuroglobin, a member of the globin family of proteins. After brain injury, neuroglobin expression is induced in astrocytes. Since neuroglobin promotes neuronal survival, its increased expression in astrocytes after brain injury may represent an endogenous neuroprotective mechanism. Here, we review the role of neuroglobin in the central nervous system, its relationship with different pathologies, and the role of different factors that regulate its expression in astrocytes.

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Section: Neuroprotective Potential Of Neuroglobinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection by Neuroglobin Expression in Brain Pathologies

Báez¹,

Echeverrı́a²,

Cabezas³

et al. 2016

Front. Neurol.

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“…The authors reported double-labeling in about two-thirds of the neurons only in the MHb, pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei and the locus ceruleus, as well as sporadic coexpression in single neurons in some brain regions. Although we did not conduct double-immunofluorescent detection of both globins, evidence for a considerable overlap (but also for distinct differences) in the expression of Cygb and Ngb results from comparison of Cygb-data as presented here and our rodent Ngb-data as presented previously (Reuss et al, 2002 , 2016 ; Wystub et al, 2003 ; Hankeln et al, 2004 ; Laufs et al, 2004 ; Mitz et al, 2009 ; Avivi et al, 2010 ; Schneuer et al, 2012 ). In all of these cases, it is unknown whether the same cells were labeled with either antibody.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Weak to moderate immunofluorescence, relatively similar for Cygb and Ngb, were seen in some brain regions, e.g., the hypothalamus, thalamus, facial nucleus, cerebellar nuclei (Wystub et al, 2003 ), and in the SOC (Reuss et al, 2016 ). Relatively strong expression of Cygb and Ngb was found in the hippocampal pyramidal cell layer; however, their long processes were present only with Cygb-immunofluorescence while they were unseen in the Ngb-labeled material (Hankeln et al, 2004 ; Laufs et al, 2004 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter group remains to be tested whether they include olivocochlear neurons, i.e., those that provide the efferent innervation of cochlear hair cells. This will be of particular interest since a parallel study showed that, among several other structures involved in hearing, the auditory efferent neurons of the brainstem contain a distantly related respiratory protein, neuroglobin (Reuss et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of Cytoglobin in the Mouse Brain

et al. 2016

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Cytoglobin (Cygb) is a vertebrate globin with so far poorly defined function. It is expressed in the fibroblast cell-lineage but has also been found in neurons. Here we provide, using immunohistochemistry, a detailed study on the distribution of Cygb in the mouse brain. While Cygb is a cytoplasmic protein in active cells of the supportive tissue, in neurons it is located in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. We found the expression of Cygb in all brain regions, although only a fraction of the neurons was Cygb-positive. Signals were of different intensity ranging from faint to very intense. Telencephalic neurons in all laminae of the cerebral cortex (CCo), in the olfactory bulb (in particular periglomerular cells), in the hippocampal formation (strongly stained pyramidal cells with long processes), basal ganglia (scattered multipolar neurons in the dorsal striatum, dorsal and ventral pallidum (VP)), and in the amygdala (neurons with unlabeled processes) were labeled by the antibody. In the diencephalon, we observed Cygb-positive neurons of moderate intensity in various nuclei of the dorsal thalamus, in the hypothalamus, metathalamus (geniculate nuclei), epithalamus with strong labeling of habenular nucleus neurons and no labeling of pineal cells, and in the ventral thalamus. Tegmental neurons stood out by strongly stained somata with long processes in, e.g., the laterodorsal nucleus. In the tectum, faintly labeled neurons and fibers were detected in the superior colliculus (SC). The cerebellum exhibited unlabeled Purkinje-neurons but signs of strong afferent cortical innervation. Neurons in the gray matter of the spinal cord showed moderate immunofluorescence. Peripheral ganglia were not labeled by the antibody. The Meynert-fascicle and the olfactory and optic nerves/tracts were the only Cygb-immunoreactive (Cygb-IR) fiber systems. Notably, we found a remarkable level of colocalization of Cygb and neuronal nitric oxide (NO)-synthase in neurons, which supports a functional association.

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“…However, the hexa-coordinated nature of the Fe 21 in the heme of NGB makes it difficult for the protein to release O 2 under physiologic conditions. It is generally hypothesized that Ngb may serve as an O 2 /ROS sensor/carrier or NO/ROS scavenger (Ascenzi et al, 2014;Burmester and Hankeln, 2014;Cai et al, 2016;Reuss et al, 2016).…”

Section: Role Of Neuroglobin In Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Hypoxia-Mediated Mechanisms in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Xiong

Qiu

et al. 2017

Mol Pharmacol

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common and the third most deadly malignant tumor worldwide. Hypoxia and related oxidative stress are heavily involved in the process of HCC development and its therapies. However, direct and accurate measurement of oxygen concentration and evaluation of hypoxic effects in HCC prove difficult. Moreover, the hypoxia-mediated mechanisms in HCC remain elusive. Here, we summarize recent major evidence of hypoxia in HCC lesions shown by measuring partial pressure of oxygen (pO), the clinical importance of hypoxic markers in HCC, and recent advances in hypoxia-related mechanisms and therapies in HCC. For the mechanisms, we focus mainly on the roles of oxygen-sensing proteins (i.e., hypoxia-inducible factor and neuroglobin) and hypoxia-induced signaling proteins (e.g., matrix metalloproteinases, high mobility group box 1, Beclin 1, glucose metabolism enzymes, and vascular endothelial growth factor). With respect to therapies, we discuss mainly YQ23, sorafenib, 2-methoxyestradiol, and celastrol. This review focuses primarily on the results of clinical and animal studies.

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Neuroglobin Expression in the Mammalian Auditory System

Cited by 19 publications

References 97 publications

Protection by Neuroglobin Expression in Brain Pathologies

Protection by Neuroglobin Expression in Brain Pathologies

Distribution of Cytoglobin in the Mouse Brain

Advances in Hypoxia-Mediated Mechanisms in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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