Neurological Changes in Hypoglycemia

Abstract

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Electroencephalographic alterations in a mare with presumed intermittent neuroglycopenia caused by severe hypoglycaemia‐associated with nonislet cell tumour

“…; Sejling et al . , ; Blaabjerg and Juhl ; Rubega and Sparacino ).The glycaemic threshold for EEG changes has been studied in diabetic humans with post insulin hypoglycaemia and infants with neonatal hypoglycaemia, and it is reported to vary among individuals. In diabetic humans with post insulin hypoglycaemia, electrical changes in EEG are typically noted when blood glucose is around 40 mg/dL (2.2 mmol/L) (Sejling et al .…”

“…Blood glucose levels are not the only determinant of neuroglycopenia and brain dysfunction; however, the degree of hypoglycaemia appears to be correlated with brain dysfunction (Burns et al 2008;Sejling et al 2015Sejling et al , 2017Blaabjerg and Juhl 2016;Rubega and Sparacino 2017).The glycaemic threshold for EEG changes has been studied in diabetic humans with post insulin hypoglycaemia and infants with neonatal hypoglycaemia, and it is reported to vary among individuals. In diabetic humans with post insulin hypoglycaemia, electrical changes in EEG are typically noted when blood glucose is around 40 mg/dL (2.2 mmol/L) (Sejling et al 2015;Blaabjerg and Juhl 2016).…”

“…; Sejling et al . , ; Blaabjerg and Juhl ; Rubega and Sparacino ). To our knowledge, EEG patterns during hypoglycaemia in adult horses have not been reported.…”

“…The EEG recordings in humans and animals during hypoglycaemia show characteristic patterns with early changes, such as decreased frequency band for alpha (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13) and beta (13-30 Hz) activities, large delta (>0 to <4 Hz) waves, progressing to spike and bursting (Florez et al 2015;Blaabjerg and Juhl 2016). Most studies evaluating hypoglycaemia as a proxy for neuroglycopenia have been conducted in human diabetic patients subjected to recurrent episodes of hypoglycaemia following insulin treatment, where initial mild cognitive dysfunction quickly progresses to seizures or collapse associated with severe hypoglycaemia (Sejling et al 2015;Blaabjerg and Juhl 2016;Rubega and Sparacino 2017). Although blood glucose levels are not the only determinant of neuroglycopenia and brain dysfunction, the degree of hypoglycaemia has been correlated with changes in EEG and MRI (Burns et al 2008;Sejling et al 2015Sejling et al , 2017Blaabjerg and Juhl 2016;Rubega and Sparacino 2017).…”

“…Most studies evaluating hypoglycaemia as a proxy for neuroglycopenia have been conducted in human diabetic patients subjected to recurrent episodes of hypoglycaemia following insulin treatment, where initial mild cognitive dysfunction quickly progresses to seizures or collapse associated with severe hypoglycaemia (Sejling et al 2015;Blaabjerg and Juhl 2016;Rubega and Sparacino 2017). Although blood glucose levels are not the only determinant of neuroglycopenia and brain dysfunction, the degree of hypoglycaemia has been correlated with changes in EEG and MRI (Burns et al 2008;Sejling et al 2015Sejling et al , 2017Blaabjerg and Juhl 2016;Rubega and Sparacino 2017). To our knowledge, EEG patterns during hypoglycaemia in adult horses have not been reported.…”