Neurological Research in Idiopathic Scoliosis

Machida, Masafumi

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-56541-3_7

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 94 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, idiopathic scoliosis (IS) was observed in one of the MPTP-administered mice. Described as a multifactorial disease involving many intrinsic factors such as genetics, imbalance of muscle structures, abnormal growth of vertebral bodies, asymmetrical growth of the neurocentral cartilage, length discrepancy between spine and spinal cord, abnormal platelet calmodulin, and abnormality in melatonin metabolism (Banala et al, 2018;Machida, 2018); the idiopathic scoliosis observed in one of the MPTP mice may however be an epiphenomenon rather than being consequential to the MPTP administered, as has been said of many hypothesised factors (Machida, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nigella Sativa Prevented Parkinson's-Like Motor Functions Impairment, Dopamine Depletion and Neuronal Degeneration in the Striatum of Mptp-Induced Balb/C Mice

Folarin

Olonade

Imam

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Parkinsonism is a neurological disease characterised by dopaminergic neuron degeneration in the substantial nigra and dopamine deficiency in the brain, with motor and psycho-cognitive implications, while limitations masked the efficacy of the available drugs, thus the need to find alternatives with less side effects are essential. Nigella sativa is a multi-potent plant with therapeutic potentials in the brain and other body organs. This study investigated the effects of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on the cognitive and other Parkinsonism endophenotypes elicited by MPTP in the BALB/c strain mice. Materials and Methods Body weights, brain-body ratios, recognition memory (through novel object recognition test), as well as fronto-cortical, striatal and cerebellar dopamine and neuronal density were assayed in thirty-two (32) male BALB/c mice (18 g − 25 g). They were randomized into four groups exposed to; normal feed, 18 mg/kg MPTP i.p, 1 ml/kgbw NSO p.o., and NSO + MPTP respectively, for 5 consecutive days. Behaviours were analysed 24 hours after the last exposure, subsequently euthanized, the brains removed and processed for biomarkers analysis and histochemistry. Results Parkinsonism-like traits such as mild tremor, down-regulation of striatal and fronto-cortical dopamine and neurons were recorded in the BALB/c mice administered with MPTP only. However, significant increase (p < 0.05) in appetite, body weight, brain-body weight ratio, and recognition memory was also recorded in the MPTP-administered mice, though Nigella sativa was significantly prophylactic against the negative Parkinsonic features, and ‘moderative’ of the up-regulations induced by MPTP. Conclusion While this suggests selective MPTP sensitivity and resistance in BALB/c strains, this study recommends the investigation of possible (though ironic) beneficial potentials of MPTP.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nigella Sativa Prevented Parkinson's-Like Motor Functions Impairment, Dopamine Depletion and Neuronal Degeneration in the Striatum of Mptp-Induced Balb/C Mice

Folarin

Olonade

Imam

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) has been described as a multifactorial disease involving many intrinsic factors such as genetics, imbalance of muscle structures, abnormal growth of vertebral bodies, asymmetrical growth of the neurocentral cartilage, length discrepancy between spine and spinal cord, abnormal platelet calmodulin, and abnormality in melatonin metabolism (Banala, Vemuri, Penkulinti, Av, & Gpv, 2018;Machida, 2018). The idiopathic scoliosis observed in one of the MPTP mice may however be an epiphenomenon rather than being consequential to the MPTP administered, as has been said of many hypothesised factors (Machida, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SUB-CHRONIC MPTP-INDUCED PARKINSONISM: SELECTIVE SENSITIVITY OF THE BALB/c MICE AND THE PROPHYLACTIC ROLES OF NIGELLA SATIVA OIL

Folarin¹,

Olonade²,

Ogunkunle³

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Parkinsonism is a degenerative neurological syndrome characterised by dopamine deficiency in the basal ganglia. Despite ages of research, there is still lack of holistic and side-effect-free therapy for the disease. Nigella sativa is a multi-potent plant known for its historical and scientifically proven therapeutic potentials in the brain and other body organs. Despite the validity debates on the use of BALB/c mice strains in the modelling of Parkinsonism using MPTP, this study re-appraised the sensitivity versus resistance of the BALB/c mice strain to MPTP and further investigated the possible neuro-thrapeutic role of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) in the Parkinsonic endophenotypes elicited by MPTP in the BALB/c strain. Body weights, relative brain weights, striatal dopamine, striatal neuron density and recognition memory were studied in thirty-two (32) male albino mice, weighing between 18g -25g. They were divided equally into Control (administered with normal feed for 5 days), MPTP (administered with 18mg/kg MPTP i.p for 5 days), NS (administered with 1ml/kgbw NSO p.o. for 5 days), and NS+MPTP (administered with 1ml/kgbw NSO p.o. followed by 18mg/kg MPTP i.p for 5 days). Recognition memory was assayed through Novel Object Recognition test (NORT), and the animals were weighed and euthanised 24 hours after last administration. The brains were excised and the striatum assayed neurochemically for dopamine and illustrated histologically for neuronal density using the H&E stain. Parkinsonic traits such as mild tremor, significant down-regulation of dopamine and striatal neurons (p<0.05) were recorded in the BALB/c mice administered with MPTP only, confirming MPTP-sensitivity for these features. However, significant increase (p<0.05) in appetite, body weight, brain-body weight ratio, and recognition memory was also recorded in the MPTP-administered mice, though Nigella sativa was significantly prophylactic against the negative Parkinsonic features, and ‘moderative’ of the up-regulations induced by MPTP. While this suggests selective MPTP sensitivity and resistance in BALB/c strains, this study recommends the investigation of possible beneficial potentials of MPTP as observed. The research was conducted in conformance with the Animal Research Ethics Committee (AREC) guidelines of the Olabisi Onabanjo University.

show abstract

“… Scoliosis: a sideways curve in the spine is called "scoliosis" [10,11,12]. This anomaly is initially Cshaped but develops into an S-like shape in its advanced forms.…”

Section: Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This anomaly is initially Cshaped but develops into an S-like shape in its advanced forms. Scoliosis can be detected by various methods [10,11]. The disorder is occasionally very progressive.…”

Section: Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

An Expert System to Diagnose Spinal Disorders

Dashti¹,

Dashti²

2020

TOBIOIJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Until now, traditional invasive approaches have been the only means being leveraged to diagnose spinal disorders. Traditional manual diagnostics require a high workload, and diagnostic errors are likely to occur due to the prolonged work of physicians. In this research, we develop an expert system based on a hybrid inference algorithm and comprehensive integrated knowledge for assisting the experts in the fast and high-quality diagnosis of spinal disorders. Methods: First, for each spinal anomaly, the accurate and integrated knowledge was acquired from related experts and resources. Second, based on probability distributions and dependencies between symptoms of each anomaly, a unique numerical value known as certainty effect value was assigned to each symptom. Third, a new hybrid inference algorithm was designed to obtain excellent performance, which was an incorporation of the Backward Chaining Inference and Theory of Uncertainty. Results: The proposed expert system was evaluated in two different phases, real-world samples, and medical records evaluation. Evaluations show that in terms of real-world samples analysis, the system achieved excellent accuracy. Application of the system on the sample with anomalies revealed the degree of severity of disorders and the risk of development of abnormalities in unhealthy and healthy patients. In the case of medical records analysis, our expert system proved to have promising performance, which was very close to those of experts. Conclusion: Evaluations suggest that the proposed expert system provides promising performance, helping specialists to validate the accuracy and integrity of their diagnosis. It can also serve as an intelligent educational software for medical students to gain familiarity with spinal disorder diagnosis process, and related symptoms.

show abstract

Neurological Research in Idiopathic Scoliosis

Cited by 4 publications

References 94 publications

Nigella Sativa Prevented Parkinson's-Like Motor Functions Impairment, Dopamine Depletion and Neuronal Degeneration in the Striatum of Mptp-Induced Balb/C Mice

Nigella Sativa Prevented Parkinson's-Like Motor Functions Impairment, Dopamine Depletion and Neuronal Degeneration in the Striatum of Mptp-Induced Balb/C Mice

SUB-CHRONIC MPTP-INDUCED PARKINSONISM: SELECTIVE SENSITIVITY OF THE BALB/c MICE AND THE PROPHYLACTIC ROLES OF NIGELLA SATIVA OIL

An Expert System to Diagnose Spinal Disorders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About