Neurological signs in 23 dogs with suspected rostral cerebellar ischaemic stroke

Thomsen, Barbara Blicher; Garosi, Laurent; Skerritt, G. C.; Rusbridge, Clare; Sparrow, Tim; Berendt, Mette; Gredal, Hanne

doi:10.1186/s13028-016-0219-2

Cited by 21 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However, these clearly reflect a proportion of acute neurological patients, which may, at first sight, be interpreted as having a stroke. In fact, many dogs with cerebellar ischaemic stroke display vestibular signs, which in our opinion justifies the assessment and inclusion of vestibular patients as possible stroke in the present study (Garosi et al 2006, Thomsen et al 2016.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Diagnosis and long‐term outcome in dogs with acute onset intracranial signs

Gredal

Thomsen

Westrup

et al. 2019

J of Small Animal Practice

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Objectives: To investigate dogs with acute onset of intracranial signs suspected of stroke by primary veterinary clinicians, and establish possible differential diagnoses and long-term outcome. In addition, serum C-reactive protein and plasma cytokines were investigated as potential biomarkers of disease.Materials and MethOds: All cases were evaluated by neurologic examination, routine haematology and biochemistry and measurement of serum C-reactive protein, plasma cytokine concentrations (interleukin-2, -6, -8, -10, tumour necrosis factor) and low-field MRI.results: Primary veterinarians contacted the investigators with 85 suspected stroke cases. Only 20 met the inclusion criteria. Of these, two were diagnosed with ischaemic stroke. Other causes were idiopathic vestibular syndrome (n=6), brain tumour (n=5) and inflammatory brain disease (n=2); in five cases a precise diagnosis could not be determined. Median survival times were: brain tumour, 3 days, idiopathic vestibular syndrome, 315 days, ischaemic stroke, 365 days and inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) disease, 468 days. The median plasma concentrations of interleukin-2, -6, -8, -10 or tumour necrosis factor were not significantly increased in any of the diagnosis groups compared to healthy controls. Serum C-reactive protein was higher in dogs with brain tumours and inflammatory brain disease but not above the upper bound of the reference interval.clinical significance: Dogs that present with acute onset intracranial disease may have ischaemic stroke but are more likely to have other causes. Many dogs with such acute onset of neurological dysfunction (brain tumours excluded) may recover within a couple of weeks despite their initial severe clinical appearance. a These authors shared first authorship.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Diagnosis and long‐term outcome in dogs with acute onset intracranial signs

Gredal

Thomsen

Westrup

et al. 2019

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…For the confirmed or presumed diagnosis of neoplasia the results of blood tests, tumour staging investigation and lesion characteristics on MRI were considered (Thomas et al 1996, Kraft et al 1997, Rodenas et al 2011, Bentley 2015. For the identification of inflammatory lesions the characteristics of the MRI lesion, its behaviour concerning contrast enhancement, the results of CSF analysis and blood results were considered (Tipold 1995, Kitagawa et al 2004, Platt & Olby 2004, Talarico & Schatzberg 2010, Coates & Jeffery 2014, Cardy & Cornelis 2018.Presumed infarcts and bleeding caused by traumatic brain injury or presumed microbleeds were differentiated using MRI characteristics, case history and other diagnostic tests (Platt & Olby 2004, Garosi et al 2006, Garosi 2010, Thomsen et al 2016, Kerwin et al 2017. Lesions in the brain with other aetiologies such as congenital malformation, abiotrophy or hydrocephalus were also differentiated as precisely as possible (De Lahunta & Glass 2009, Bernardino et al 2015, Bertalan et al 2014, Kwiatkowska et al 2013, Laubner et al 2015.…”

Section: Diagnostic Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vestibular disease in dogs: association between neurological examination, MRI lesion localisation and outcome

Bongartz¹,

Neßler²,

Maiolini³

et al. 2019

J of Small Animal Practice

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Objectives To determine whether the neurological examination correctly distinguishes between central and peripheral vestibular lesions in dogs. Materials and Methods Retrospective study on dogs with vestibular disease presenting to two referral clinics in Germany. Results Ninety‐three dogs were included; neurological examination suggested central vestibular disease in 62 and a peripheral lesion in 31. MRI diagnosis was central vestibular disease in 68 dogs and peripheral in 25. Of the 62 dogs with a lesion localisation diagnosed as central vestibular by neurological exam, 61 were correctly identified (98.4%). Twenty‐four of the 31 dogs diagnosed with a peripheral lesion by neurological exam had a consistent lesion on MRI (77.4%). Clinical Significance The neurological examination is efficient at identifying lesions in the central vestibular system but less so for peripheral lesions. Therefore it is prudent to recommend imaging in dogs that show signs of peripheral vestibular syndrome but do not rapidly respond to treatment.

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“…Os infartos isquêmicos são cada vez mais reconhecidos como uma causa de déficits neurológicos agudos em cães (Thomsen et al 2016) e foram os mais frequentes nesse estudo, semelhante ao reportado Joseph et al (1988). Thomsen et al (2016) reportaram o cerebelo como local comum para ocorrência de acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico, porém neste estudo o local mais comum para infarto isquêmico foi a região de ponte do tronco encefálico. Já os infartos hemorrágicos ocorreram predominantemente no córtex cerebral.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Doenças do sistema nervoso central em cães

et al. 2018

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RESUMO: São descritas doenças do sistema nervoso central (SNC) em cães diagnosticadas no sertão da Paraíba. Os registros de necropsia de 1.205 cães foram revisados. Em 354 casos (29,38%) foram registrados história clínica de alterações do sistema nervoso. Duzentos e noventa e seis casos tiveram diagnóstico definitivo e 58 foram inconclusivos. As doenças infecciosas foram observadas em 59,60% (211/354) de casos que representam a principal causa de distúrbios neurológicos; 53% dos casos (186/354) foram representadas por doenças virais; 3,11% (11/354) foram de etiologia parasitária, 2,54% (9/354) foram causadas por bactérias e 1,41% (5/354) por fungos. Os agentes físicos representaram a segunda causa mais importante de transtornos do SNC com 9,89% (35/354) e os tumores a terceira causa com 5,93% (21/354). Outras alterações pouco frequentes foram alterações metabólicas secundárias a insuficiência hepática ou renal, representando 2,54% (9/354). Casos raros de hidrocefalia congênita foram observados, 1,41% (5/354). Os casos de manifestações neurológicas associadas a alterações vasculares, degenerativas e inflamatórias não infecciosas, muitas das quais uma causa específica não foi estabelecida representaram 4,24% (15/354); Estavam dentro das seguintes categorias de doenças: Infartos isquêmicos e hemorrágicos (6/15), necrose vascular fibrinoide (5/15), doença do disco intervertebral (2/15), meningoencefalite granulomatosa (1/15) e granuloma de colesterol (1/15). Os distúrbios do sistema nervoso central representam uma importante causa de morte ou eutanásia em cães na região semiárida da Paraíba. Os sinais clínicos variaram de acordo com o agente envolvido, localização e distribuição das lesões. O conhecimento dos principais agentes que pode afetar o SNC canino é importante ao fazer uma lista de diagnóstico diferencial.

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Neurological signs in 23 dogs with suspected rostral cerebellar ischaemic stroke

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

Diagnosis and long‐term outcome in dogs with acute onset intracranial signs

Diagnosis and long‐term outcome in dogs with acute onset intracranial signs

Vestibular disease in dogs: association between neurological examination, MRI lesion localisation and outcome

Doenças do sistema nervoso central em cães

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