Neurological soft signs in bipolar disorder in comparison to healthy controls and schizophrenia: A meta-analysis

Bora, Emre; Akgül, Özge; Ceylan, Deniz; Özerdem, Ayşegül

doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.08.006

Cited by 44 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Each of general and executive cognitive dysfunction, the extent of NSS, impaired premorbid social adjustment and lower premorbid intellectual function were similar for SZ, SF, BrP, SA, BD, MDDP, DD and PNOS. These findings elaborate recent systematic reviews and meta-analytic findings in SZ and BD (Bora & Pantelis, 2015; Bora, Akgül, Ceylan, & Özerdem, 2018; Parellada, Gomez-Vallejo, Burdeus, & Arango, 2017; Trotta, Murray, & MacCabe, 2015) to the full complement of DSM-IV functional psychotic diagnoses and PNOS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Systematic epidemiological and clinical comparisons across all 12 DSM-IV psychotic diagnoses in the Cavan–Monaghan First Episode Psychosis Study (CAMFEPS)

et al. 2019

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Background Research on psychotic illness is loosening emphasis on diagnostic stringency in favour of including a more dimensionally based conceptualization of psychopathology and pathobiology. However, to clarify these notions requires investigation of the full scope of psychotic diagnoses. Methods The Cavan–Monaghan First Episode Psychosis Study ascertained cases of first episode psychosis across all 12 DSM-IV psychotic diagnoses via all routes to care: public, private or forensic; home-based, outpatient or inpatient. There was no arbitrary upper age cut-off and minimal impact of factors associated with variations in social milieu, ethnicity or urbanicity. Cases were evaluated epidemiologically and assessed for psychopathology, neuropsychology, neurology, antecedent factors, insight and quality of life. Results Among 432 cases, the annual incidence of any DSM-IV psychotic diagnosis was 34.1/100 000 of population and encompassed functional psychotic diagnoses, substance-induced psychopathology and psychopathology due to general medical conditions, through to psychotic illness that defied contemporary diagnostic algorithms. These 12 DSM-IV diagnostic categories, including psychotic disorder not otherwise specified, showed clinical profiles that were consistently more similar than distinct. Conclusions There are considerable similarities and overlaps across a broad range of diagnostic categories in the absence of robust discontinuities between them. Thus, psychotic illness may be of such continuity that it cannot be fully captured by operational diagnostic algorithms that, at least in part, assume discontinuities. This may reflect the impact of diverse factors each of which acts on one or more overlapping components of a common, dysfunctional neuronal network implicated in the pathobiology of psychotic illness.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Systematic epidemiological and clinical comparisons across all 12 DSM-IV psychotic diagnoses in the Cavan–Monaghan First Episode Psychosis Study (CAMFEPS)

et al. 2019

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“…The high sMRI correlation between SCZ and BD is consistent with prior reports of sMRI similarities between the two disorders (26). Moreover, a large body of literature reports substantial etiologic overlap between the two disorders (27)(28)(29)(30)(31). Because of such data, the SCZ and BD have been described as sharing a continuum of etiology leading to psychotic (32), neurophysiological (32) and neurocognitive (33) symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Structural Brain Imaging Studies Offer Clues about the Effects of the Shared Genetic Etiology among Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Radonjić

Hess

Rovira

et al. 2019

Preprint

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WordsBackground: Genomewide association studies have found significant genetic correlations among many neuropsychiatric disorders. In contrast, we know much less about the degree to which structural brain alterations are similar among disorders and, if so, the degree to which such similarities have a genetic etiology. Methods:From the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) consortium, we acquired standardized mean differences (SMDs) in regional brain volume and cortical thickness between cases and controls. We had data on 41 brain regions for: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), epilepsy, major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and schizophrenia (SCZ). These data had been derived from 24,360 patients and 37,425 controls. Results:The SMDs were significantly correlated between SCZ and BD, OCD, MDD, and ASD. MDD was positively correlated with BD and OCD. BD was positively correlated with OCD and negatively correlated with ADHD. These pairwise correlations among disorders were significantly correlated with the corresponding pairwise correlations among disorders derived from genomewide association studies (r = 0.494; p = 0.025). Conclusions:Our results show substantial similarities in sMRI phenotypes among neuropsychiatric disorders and suggest that these similarities are accounted for, in part, by corresponding similarities in common genetic variant architectures.

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“…According to the literature, severity of psychopathology, particularly negative symptoms (Carlson et al, 2012;Herbener and Harrow, 2004;Ho et al, 1998;McGlashan and Fenton, 1992;Smith et al, 2002;Ventura et al, 2009), neurocognitive impairments (Best et al, 2014;Bowie et al, 2010;Green et al, 2000), and premorbid characteristics (Ayesa-Arriola et al, 2016;Bucci et al, 2016) are significant and independent predictors of functional outcome, although the role of positive symptom as a predictor of functional outcome is inconsistent in the literature (Green, 1996;Green et al, 2000). In addition, neurological examination abnormalities (NEA), which are subtle neurological abnormalities comprising impairments in motor function and sensory integration, and persistence of primitive reflexes, have been documented in first episode antipsychotic naïve patients (Sanders et al, 1994;Venkatasubramanian et al, 2003b) and patients with psychosis or BPD (Arabzadeh et al, 2014;Bora et al, 2018;Fountoulakis et al, 2018). NEA and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia may share a common genetic liability that affects the neurodevelopmental trajectory of this illness (Chan et al, 2009;Prasad et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal trajectory of early functional recovery in patients with first episode psychosis

Hall

Holton²,

Öngür

et al. 2019

Schizophrenia Research

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Background: There is a large variability in the recovery trajectory and outcome of first episode of psychosis [FEP] patients. To date, individuals' outcome trajectories at early stage of illness and potential risk factors associated with a poor outcome trajectory are largely unknown. This study aims to apply three separate predictors (positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and soft neurological signs) to identify homogeneous function outcome trajectories in patients with FEP using objective data-driven methods, and to explore the potential risk /protective factors associated with each trajectory. Methods: A total of 369 first episode patients (93% antipsychotic naive) were included in the baseline assessments and followed-up at 4-8 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year. K means cluster modelling for longitudinal data (kml3d) was used to identify distinct, homogeneous clusters of functional outcome trajectories. Patients with at least 3 assessments were included in the trajectory analyses (N=129). The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS), and Neurological examination abnormalities (NEA) were used as predictors against Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF). Results: In each of the three predictor models, four distinct functional outcome trajectories emerged: "Poor", "Intermediate", "Good" and "Catch-up". Individuals with male gender; ethnic minority status; low premorbid adjustment; low executive function/IQ, low SES, personality disorder, substance use history may be risk factors for poor recovery.

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Neurological soft signs in bipolar disorder in comparison to healthy controls and schizophrenia: A meta-analysis

Cited by 44 publications

References 55 publications

Systematic epidemiological and clinical comparisons across all 12 DSM-IV psychotic diagnoses in the Cavan–Monaghan First Episode Psychosis Study (CAMFEPS)

Systematic epidemiological and clinical comparisons across all 12 DSM-IV psychotic diagnoses in the Cavan–Monaghan First Episode Psychosis Study (CAMFEPS)

Structural Brain Imaging Studies Offer Clues about the Effects of the Shared Genetic Etiology among Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Longitudinal trajectory of early functional recovery in patients with first episode psychosis

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