Neuronify: An Educational Simulator for Neural Circuits

Dragly, Svenn-Arne; Mobarhan, Milad Hobbi; Solbrå, Andreas Våvang; Tennøe, Simen; Hafreager, Anders; Malthe‐Sørenssen, Anders; Fyhn, Marianne; Hafting, Torkel; Einevoll, Gaute T.

doi:10.1523/eneuro.0022-17.2017

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Thus, PNN appears as nature’s trick to allow a cell to fire at supra-physiological levels without any intrinsic changes in neuronal membrane. Indeed, PNNs around hippocampal PV neurons may attribute their relative higher propagation velocity of action potential with rare failure than that of principle neurons under comparable condition 37 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perineuronal nets decrease membrane capacitance of peritumoral fast spiking interneurons in a model of epilepsy

et al. 2018

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Brain tumor patients commonly present with epileptic seizures. We show that tumor-associated seizures are the consequence of impaired GABAergic inhibition due to an overall loss of peritumoral fast spiking interneurons (FSNs) concomitant with a significantly reduced firing rate of those that remain. The reduced firing is due to the degradation of perineuronal nets (PNNs) that surround FSNs. We show that PNNs decrease specific membrane capacitance of FSNs permitting them to fire action potentials at supra-physiological frequencies. Tumor-released proteolytic enzymes degrade PNNs, resulting in increased membrane capacitance, reduced firing, and hence decreased GABA release. These studies uncovered a hitherto unknown role of PNNs as an electrostatic insulator that reduces specific membrane capacitance, functionally akin to myelin sheaths around axons, thereby permitting FSNs to exceed physiological firing rates. Disruption of PNNs may similarly account for excitation-inhibition imbalances in other forms of epilepsy and PNN protection through proteolytic inhibition may provide therapeutic benefits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perineuronal nets decrease membrane capacitance of peritumoral fast spiking interneurons in a model of epilepsy

et al. 2018

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“…Fortunately, just like a practicing neuroscientist does not need to construct, say, a confocal microscope in order to use it in research, simulators can be used without knowing all the technical inner workings. Some simulators like NEURON (Carnevale and Hines, 2006) even come with a graphical user interface, and plug-and-play programs where neural networks can be created and simulated by pulling elements with the finger onto a canvas, have also been made (Dragly et al, 2017).…”

Section: Use By Wider Research Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Scientific Case for Brain Simulations

Einevoll

Destexhe

Diesmann

et al. 2019

Neuron

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In BriefA key element of several large-scale brain research projects such as the EU Human Brain Project is simulation of large networks of neurons. Here it is argued why such simulations are indispensable for bridging the neuron and system levels in the brain. AbstractA key element of the European Union's Human Brain Project (HBP) and other large-scale brain research projects is simulation of largescale model networks of neurons. Here we argue why such simulations will likely be indispensable for bridging the scales between the neuron and system levels in the brain, and a set of brain simulators based on neuron models at different levels of biological detail should thus be developed. To allow for systematic refinement of candidate network models by comparison with experiments, the simulations should be multimodal in the sense that they should not only predict action potentials, but also electric, magnetic, and optical signals measured at the population and system levels.

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“…In the literature, the aim is to provide a better understanding of biological neural networks, but also in studies that allow the production and use of artificial neural networks [17,18].…”

Section: Educational Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%