Neuroprotective effects of Magnoliae Flos extract in mouse hippocampal neuronal cells

Abstract

Magnoliae Flos (MF) is a traditional medicinal herb used for managing rhinitis, sinusitis and headache. The purpose of the present study was to determine the neuroprotective effect of MF against glutamate-induced oxidative stress and to assess the underlying mechanism. Glutamate is a major endogenous excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases by excessive activation. MF extract was subjected to a neuroprotective effect assay in HT22 mouse hippocampal cells. The mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of MF extract was evaluated by assaying reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, intracellular Ca2+ levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, glutathione level and antioxidant enzyme activity in HT22 cells. MF extract significantly decreased glutamate-induced death of HT22 cells (80.83 ± 7.34% relative neuroprotection). MF extract reduced the intracellular ROS and Ca2+ levels and increased the glutathione level and glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxide activities. Moreover, MF extract attenuated the mitochondrial membrane potential in HT22 cells. These results suggested that MF extract exerts a neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress HT22 cells, which was mediated by its antioxidant activity.

Neuroprotective Effect of Gallocatechin Gallate on Glutamate-Induced Oxidative Stress in Hippocampal HT22 Cells

“…Plant extracts containing these compounds have antioxidant properties and are known to effectively suppress neuronal apoptosis caused by glutamate [ 25 , 26 ]. In this study, we used mouse-derived HT22 nerve cells to study the neuroprotective effect of catechins against glutamate-induced cell apoptosis and to decipher the neuroprotective mechanism of action [ 27 ]. These cells are widely used to study neuroprotection against glutamate damage.…”

“…It has already been reported that neuronal apoptosis induced by glutamate is mainly caused by oxidative stress, which is a result of excessive production of free radicals and low levels of antioxidants in cells [ 27 ]. In addition, previous studies have reported that phytochemical antioxidants inhibit neuronal cell death by preventing the accumulation of free radicals [ 30 ].…”

Flos magnoliae constituent fargesin has an anti-allergic effect via ORAI1 channel inhibition

“…FM has been successfully applied to treat and relieve several conditions, such as allergic rhinitis, headache, sinusitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Several FM pharmacological effects, including antiallergic, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatic, and anti-angiogenic activities, have been previously reported [23,[32][33][34][35][36]. Although many reports have indicated the effects of whole FM extracts on intracellular calcium signaling via SOCE, those of its isolated constituents are still under speculation [22].…”

Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant in Vitro Activities of Magnoliae Flos Ethanol Extract

“…It contains various bioactive compounds, such as lignans (magosalin, magnosalicin, magnone A, B, magnolin, eudesmin), essential oils (a-pinene, cineole, citral, eugenol, and capric acid), and alkaloids [(−)-coclaurine, (−)-N-methylcoclaurine, (+)-reticuline] ( Yun and Kim, 2021 ). A previous study showed that a Magnoliae Flos methanol extract protected against glutamate-mediated oxidative stress in mouse hippocampal neuronal cells ( Jung et al, 2018 ). Recently, Chen et al (2020) suggested that Magnoliae Flos essential oil can act as an immunosuppressant because it suppressed cytokine (TNF-α) production in LPS-stimulated dendritic cells.…”