Neuroprotective effects of resveratrol derivatives from the roots of Vitis thunbergii var. sinuate against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in primary cultured rat cortical cells

Abstract

<jats:p> We observed that an aqueous extract of this medicinal plant exhibited significant neuroprotection against glutamate-induced toxicity in primary cultured rat cortical cells from methanol extracts of the roots of Vitis thunbergii var. sinuate (Vitaceae). To further clarify the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms of this observed effect, we isolated and identified various active fractions and components. By using such fractionation procedures, five resveratrol derivatives − vitisinols A (1), B (2), C (3), (+)-vitisin A (4), and (+)-vitisin C (5) − were isolated from the methanol extracts from the roots of V. thunbergii var. sinuate. Among these five resveratrol derivatives, 3 exhibited most significant neuroprotective activity against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity, as indicated by a cell viability of approximately 75%−85%, at concentrations ranging from 0.1 μM to 10 μM. These findings indicate that the neuroprotective effects of V. thunbergii var. sinuate might be due to the inhibition of glutamate-induced toxicity by resveratrol derivatives present in the plant. </jats:p>

Hepatoprotective effect of the ethanol extract of Vitis thunbergii on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats through anti-oxidative activities

“…The active components from Vitis thunbergii were reported to be resveratrol derivatives (Huang et al, 2005) and polyphenols compounds (Dou et al, 2003). Vitis thunbergii has been shown to have antiinflammatory (Wang et al, 2010), antihypertensive, (Huang et al, 2010) and neuroprotective activities (Chung et al, 2011).…”

Ethanolic Extract ofVitis thunbergiiExhibits Lipid Lowering Properties via Modulation of the AMPK-ACC Pathway in Hypercholesterolemic Rabbits

“…It is widely used in medicinal wines and beverages. Several natural components isolated from V. thunbergii have been shown to provide various beneficial pharmacological effects, including antiinflammation [9, 10], antioxidation [11], antitumor [12], antiplatelet aggregation [11], antimicrobial [13], and neuroprotective activities [14, 15]. Although some of the isolated compounds from V. thunbergii have cardioprotective effects, their effects on lipid levels and atherosclerosis are unknown.…”

Resveratrol up-regulates AMPA receptor expression via AMP-activated protein kinase-mediated protein translation

“…Resveratrol is well known for protecting neurons from cell death under many pathological conditions in the brain (Gupta et al, 2002; Sinha et al, 2002; Wang et al, 2002; Tsai et al, 2007; Fukui et al, 2010; Chung et al, 2011). However, the underlying mechanisms mediating the neuroprotective effect remain less clear.…”

“…Resveratrol has been broadly used as a dietary supplement and shows beneficial effects on general health and cognitive function (Chung et al, 2012; Witte et al, 2014; Kodali et al, 2015). Resveratrol has also been shown to protect neurons from cell death under several pathological conditions including glutamate-induced excitotoxicity (Chung et al, 2011), oxidative stress (Fukui et al, 2010), ischemia and epilepsy (Wu et al, 2009). Importantly, resveratrol can ameliorate the symptoms associated with several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Vingtdeux et al, 2008; Wang et al, 2008), Parkinson’s diseases (PD) (Jin et al, 2008) and Huntington’s diseases (Parker et al, 2005; Sinclair, 2005).…”