Neuropsychological and behavioural disinhibition in adult ADHD compared to borderline personality disorder

Lampe, Katrin; Konrad, Kerstin; Kroener, Sven; Fast, Kristina; Kunert, Hanns Jürgen; Herpertz, Sabine C.

doi:10.1017/s0033291707000517

Cited by 126 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This is is in line with previous studies that showed a tendency toward higher error rates in motor impulsiveness in patients with BPD than controls, although this difference was not significant. 19,42 Other studies have found significant group differences in go/no-go tasks between patients with BPD and healthy control participants. 17,18 It should be noted that for the present study we chose a relatively simple go/no-go task since brain activation during successful motor inhibition was the aim of our investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Some studies have reported performance deficits in go/no-go tasks, 17,18 while most others did not show impairments in patients with BPD. 16,19,20 Recent behavioural studies suggest that general deficits of BPD regarding impulsive behaviours may occur more on the motivational level in domains such as decision-making and delay of gratification. [20][21][22] Clinically, emotion dysregulation and impulsivity are closely linked in BPD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Emotional modulation of motor response inhibition in women with borderline personality disorder: an fMRI study

Jacob

Zvonik²,

Kamphausen³

et al. 2013

J Psychiatry Neurosci

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional modulation of motor response inhibition in women with borderline personality disorder: an fMRI study

Jacob

Zvonik²,

Kamphausen³

et al. 2013

J Psychiatry Neurosci

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“…Two studies did not find a different performance in go/no go tasks in groups of 9 patients each [11,20] . Similarly, other studies did not find differences between 24 BPD patients as compared to patients with major depression (MDD) and to HC in a stop signal task, a continuous performance task and a card sorting test [21] , or did not report significant differences between BPD subjects and HC in a stop signal task [22] . And while Nigg et al [23] found a significant correlation of r = 0.15 between BPD symptoms and the reaction time in a stop signal test even after controlling for other psychiatric disorders, intelligence was also correlated to BPD symptoms in this sample, which might explain the results as well.…”

Section: Empirical Findings On Impulsivity In Bpdmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impulsivity in Borderline Personality Disorder: Impairment in Self-Report Measures, but Not Behavioral Inhibition

Jacob¹,

Gutz²,

Bader³

et al. 2010

Psychopathology

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Background: Impulsivity is a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, previous clinical and experimental studies investigating impulsivity in BPD rendered mixed results. In this study, impulsivity was assessed by self-report scales and behavioral inhibition tasks to compare different data levels. Sampling and Methods: Fifteen women with BPD and 15 matched healthy control subjects (HC) completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Eysenck’s Impulsivity Questionnaire and the UPPS (Urgency, Lack of Perseverance, Lack of Premeditation and Sensation Seeking) scale, and participated in a Stroop task, an antisaccade task and a stop signal task. Results: Patients with BPD scored significantly higher on self-report measures as compared to HC, but not in behavioral tests. In BPD patients, but not in HC, behavioral inhibition errors were correlated with more intense emotional state. Conclusion: We found a discrepancy between self-report and behavioral data. Further studies need to assess additional possible mechanisms underlying increased impulsivity, their relation to emotional instability, and their neurobiological underpinnings.

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“…First, we hypothesized that, based on previous findings in selfreported impulsivity, anger, and aggression in BPD and ADHD, we would find higher scores on impulsivity in both patient groups compared with HCs. Second, we expected higher anger and aggression ratings and higher motor impulsiveness in ADHD patients compared with BPD patients (Krause-Utz et al, 2013;Lampe et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Impulsivity and Aggression in Female BPD and ADHD Patients: Association with ACC Glutamate and GABA Concentrations

Ende

Cackowski

Eijk

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

126

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Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are both characterized by high impulsivity and difficulties in controlling anger and aggression. In BPD, comorbid ADHD may further increase impulsivity. For both disorders, altered MR spectroscopy levels of the neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA as well as some correlations with impulsivity were previously reported. The objective of this study was to investigate the neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA in relation to impulsivity and aggression as expressed in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in groups of female patients with BPD and ADHD, respectively. Associations of glutamate and GABA levels with further BPD (symptom severity) and ADHD aspects (hyperactivity and inattention) were exploratively evaluated. 1H MR spectra were acquired at 3T to determine glutamate to total creatine ratios (Glu/tCr) and GABA levels from the ACC in a BPD group (n = 26), an ADHD group (n = 22), and a healthy control (HC) group (n = 30); all participants were females. Both patient groups showed higher scores on self-reported impulsivity, anger, and aggression compared with HCs. ACC GABA levels were significantly lower in ADHD than HC. Although measures of impulsivity were positively related to glutamate and negatively to GABA, for aggression only a negative correlation with GABA could be demonstrated. These data provide human in vivo evidence for the role of ACC Glu/tCr and GABA in impulsivity and aggression. If distinct associations of Glu/tCr and GABA for BPD and ADHD can be confirmed in future studies, this might yield implications for more specific pharmacological treatments.

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Neuropsychological and behavioural disinhibition in adult ADHD compared to borderline personality disorder

Cited by 126 publications

References 49 publications

Emotional modulation of motor response inhibition in women with borderline personality disorder: an fMRI study

Emotional modulation of motor response inhibition in women with borderline personality disorder: an fMRI study

Impulsivity in Borderline Personality Disorder: Impairment in Self-Report Measures, but Not Behavioral Inhibition

Impulsivity and Aggression in Female BPD and ADHD Patients: Association with ACC Glutamate and GABA Concentrations

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