Neuropsychological Basis of Intelligence and the WISC-III

Hynd, George W.; Riccio, Cynthia A.; Cohen, Morris J.; Arceneaux, Janet M.

doi:10.1016/b978-012564930-8/50011-5

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…This is presumed to be because of a more bilateral distribution of language function across the hemispheres. The notion that the left hemisphere primarily mediates linguistic functioning, whereas the right hemisphere mediates visual-spatial and nonverbal functions is overly simplistic, particularly when a larger and more complex clinical literature is not understood (Hynd, Cohen, Riccio, & Arceneaux, 1998). With this caveat in mind, studies that have examined hemispheric asymmetry, and asymmetry of the planum temporale in particular, are reviewed here briefly.…”

Section: Previous Studies Of Hemispheric Asymmetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although much of the focus traditionally has been on VIQ-PIQ differences, one might expect that the factors of verbal comprehension (VC) and perceptual organization (PO) would be more useful in reflecting the presence of intact or impaired verbal and performance abilities as these are more “pure” psychometrically (Hynd et al, 1998). VC was found to correlate significantly ( r =.63; p < .05) with the length of the left temporal bank of the planum temporale among normal children (Morgan et al, 1998).…”

Section: Asymmetry and V-p Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurable biological substrates to verbal-performance differences in Wechsler scores.

Riccio¹,

Hynd²

2000

School Psychology Quarterly

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The use of intelligence tests and the interpretation of verbal-performance differences has been criticized as not being useful in the classification, treatment planning, or placement of children. As a result, some professionals have suggested that intelligence testing does not provide useful theoretical or clinical information. The purpose of this article is to provide a general review and discussion of studies relating to hemispheric asymmetry, particularly asymmetry of the planum temporale in normal and reading disabled populations and possible implications with regard to the meaningfulness of IQ test results. A great deal of neurobiological research has examined this region of the brain because it has long been recognized for its role in linguistic processing. Specifically, the planum temporale has consistently been found to be associated with language comprehension and has been the focus of multiple clinical and experimental studies. Although Wechsler (1978) never anticipated that research would reveal the neuropsychological basis of intelligence, recent research specific to Verbal IQ (VIQ), the Verbal Comprehension (VC) factor, and verbalperformance (V-P) differences as measured by the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition (WISC-III) suggests otherwise. This research suggests that both the VIQ and VC factor of the WISC-III are related to the length of the left temporal bank of the planum temporale. Based on these studies, V-P differences may reflect the asymmetry of the planum. With advanced technology and functional neuroimaging, further research may provide information relating to how these findings can be useful in clinical practice.There is some research support for the hypothesis that the Verbal IQ (VIQ) reflects left-hemisphere functioning and the Performance IQ (PIQ) reflects righthemisphere functioning (Fedio & Mirsky, 1969;Rourke, Young, & Flewelling,

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Section: Previous Studies Of Hemispheric Asymmetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Asymmetry and V-p Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurable biological substrates to verbal-performance differences in Wechsler scores.

Riccio¹,

Hynd²

2000

School Psychology Quarterly

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“…T he Wechsler Intelligence Scales, which consist of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition (WAIS-III; Wechsler, 1997) and its predecessors, are among the most psychometrically sound and widely used measures of general intellectual ability today (Hynd, Cohen, Riccio, & Arcenaux, 1998;Lindemann & Matarazzo, 1990). Although these tests are used in a wide range of clinical populations, they were not originally designed to diagnose psychiatric or neurological conditions.…”

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confidence: 99%

An Investigation of the General Abilities Index in a Group of Diagnostically Mixed Patients

Harrison

DeLisle

Parker

2007

Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment

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The General Ability Index (GAI) was compared with Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Third Edition (WAIS-III) Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) from the WAIS-III in data obtained from 381 adults assessed for reported learning or attention problems between 1998 and 2005. Not only did clients with more neurocognitively based disorders (i.e., learning disabilities, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and brain injury) demonstrate a larger discrepancy between GAI and FSIQ than did those with mainly psychological conditions (i.e., depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder), but specific neurocognitive diagnosis also moderated the relationship between these two indices. In neurocognitive disorders, GAI was found to be generally higher than FSIQ, a finding that distinguished this group from a nonclinical sample. There were significant differences in GAI among the clinical groups, and FSIQ was closely related to GAI. Implications for use of the GAI in clinical practice are discussed.

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“…Esta inclui a presença de problemas ao nível da linguagem, audição, motricidade, motivação para a realização e diferenças lingüísticas ou culturais. Assim, apesar da discrepância QIv-QIr poder ser utilizada para formular hipóteses, a sua presença ou ausência não pode ser encarada como evidência conclusiva de uma incapacidade (Hynd, Cohen, Riccio & Arceneaux, 1998).…”

Section: Qiv Qlr Discrepância(s) Entre Qiv E Qlrunclassified

Utilizações da WISC-III na avaliação neuropsicológica de crianças e adolescentes

Simões

2002

Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto)

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Este texto pretende evidenciar os principais contributos da Terceira Edição da Escala de Inteligência de Wechsler (WISC-III) para a avaliação neuropsicológica de crianças e adolescentes. Alguns indicadores são objeto de exploração: Quociente Intelectual da Escala Completa, Quociente Intelectual verbal, Quociente Intelectual de realização, discrepância(s) entre QIv e QIr, Índices Factoriais, análise por subteste,variabilidade inter-testes, formas reduzidas, avaliação do nível de funcionamento cognitivo pré-mórbido, testes neuropsicológicos e funções psicológicas examinadas a partir da WISC-III. Neste contexto, são revistos alguns dos principais estudos com grupos clínicos de crianças com lesão cerebral traumática, cancro, espinha bífida, hidrocefalia, epilepsia. É feita uma referência breve ao futuro próximo da investigação relativa à utilização neuropsicológica da WISC-III.

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Neuropsychological Basis of Intelligence and the WISC-III

Cited by 5 publications

References 72 publications

Measurable biological substrates to verbal-performance differences in Wechsler scores.

Measurable biological substrates to verbal-performance differences in Wechsler scores.

An Investigation of the General Abilities Index in a Group of Diagnostically Mixed Patients

Utilizações da WISC-III na avaliação neuropsicológica de crianças e adolescentes

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