Neuropsychological correlates of syndromes in schizophrenia

Norman, Ross; Malla, Ashok; Morrison-Stewart, S. L.; Helmes, Edward; Williamson, Passion; Thomas, Jacques; Cortese, Leonardo

doi:10.1192/bjp.170.2.134

Cited by 103 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The current efforts to search for core impairments that may help on the development of more effective and efficient combinations of psychosocial and pharmacological interventions need to clarify the links between neurocognitive deficits and symptom clusters. Studies have shown that social cognition [40,61] and executive functioning deficits [23,62] are associated with negative symptoms, while verbal fluency deficits have been linked with disorganised symptoms [62]. The more precise dimensions of impairment in mental functioning provided by neuropsychological assessments are likely to refine our understanding of psychiatric phemonenology and to facilitate clinical treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is Theory of Mind in Schizophrenia More Strongly Associated with Clinical and Social Functioning than with Neurocognitive Deficits?

et al. 2002

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This paper examines the correlations between ‘Theory of Mind’ (ToM) and neurocognitive performance, together with clinical and social functioning, in out-patients with schizophrenic disorders. It was hypothesised that, since the ability to make inferences about the environment and about other peoples’ mental states is a key ingredient of social competence, the assessment of ToM would correlate more strongly with current social functioning than with more traditional neurocognitive measures. ‘Independent raters’ assessed Theory of Mind, neurocognitive and clinical variables as well as community functioning in 44 subjects with schizophrenia. The neuropsychological measures were more closely associated with community functioning than with psychiatric symptoms. These associations remained evident when the effects of intelligence were controlled. Patients with a higher level of competence in making social inferences had better overall community functioning than those who showed less ability in this aspect of social cognition. In a regression model, the capacity to comprehend other people’s mental states (ToM-2) was among the best predictors of global social functioning, together with recent onset of illness, good verbal fluency and low levels of negative and positive symptoms. These results are consistent with other recent findings. ToM measures of social cognition may be a useful addition to neuropsychological assessment when developing programmes for reducing clinical impairments and improving the community functioning of subjects with schizophrenic disorders. Further studies are needed to verify the value of these measures as predictors of the successful application of specific psychosocial rehabilitation strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formal thought disorders have been linked to performance on the highly specific measure of semantic priming [22]. Negative symptoms have been associated with left hemisphere functions, such as making perseverative errors in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and verbal fluency deficits [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Theory of Mind in Schizophrenia More Strongly Associated with Clinical and Social Functioning than with Neurocognitive Deficits?

et al. 2002

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“…This approach has proved informative in that these symptombased syndromes have been associated with specific neuropsychological deficits (Bilder et al 1985;Pantelis & Brewer, 1995 ;Norman et al 1997;Liddle, 2001). The most consistent finding has been an association between a negative symptom-based syndrome (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship of behavioural and symptomatic syndromes in schizophrenia to spatial working memory and attentional set-shifting ability

et al. 2004

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The specific relationship between negative symptoms and spatial working memory is consistent with involvement of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The associations between difficulty with set-shifting ability and both disorganization symptoms and behaviours may reflect inability to generalize a rule that had been learned and impaired ability to respond flexibly. The specific relationship of illness duration to set-shifting ability may suggest progressive impairment on some executive tasks. The nature of these relationships and their neurobiological and rehabilitation implications are considered.

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“…[24][25][26][27][28][29] These psychopathological dimensions appear to have distinct genetic and neurocognitive correlates. 30,31 The extent to which analogous dimensions exist in the symptoms of those at high risk of psychosis is unclear. Hawkins et al 32 recently conducted a factor analytic study to examine the construct validity of the Scale of Prodromal Symptoms (SOPS) in an ARMS sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorganization/Cognitive and Negative Symptom Dimensions in the At-Risk Mental State Predict Subsequent Transition to Psychosis

Demjaha

Valmaggia

Ståhl

et al. 2010

Schizophrenia Bulletin

172

125

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Objective: The at-risk mental state (ARMS) is associated with a very high risk of psychosis, but it is difficult to predict which individuals will later develop psychosis on the basis of their presenting symptoms. We investigated psychopathological dimensions in subjects with an ARMS and examined whether particular symptom dimensions predicted subsequent transition to psychosis. Method: The sample comprised 122 subjects (aged 16-35 years) meeting Personal Assessment and Crisis Evaluation clinic criteria for the ARMS recruited through Outreach and Support in South London, a clinical service for people with an ARMS. A principal axis factor analysis was performed on symptom scores, obtained at presentation from the Comprehensive Assessment of the At-Risk Mental State, using Varimax rotation. The relationship between dimension scores and transition to psychosis during the following 24 months was then examined employing Cox regression analysis. Results: Factor analysis gave rise to a 5-factor solution of negative, anxiety, disorganization/cognitive, self-harm, and manic symptom dimensions, accounting for 37% of the total variance. Scores on the negative and on the disorganization/cognitive dimensions were associated with transition to psychosis during the follow-up period (P 5 0.044 and P 5 0.005, respectively). Conclusion: The symptoms of the ARMS have a dimensional structure similar to that evident in patients with schizophrenia except for the positive symptom dimension. The association between scores on the disorganization/ cognitive and negative dimensions and later transition is consistent with independent evidence that formal thought disorder, subjective cognitive impairments, and negative symptoms are linked to the subsequent onset of psychosis.

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Neuropsychological correlates of syndromes in schizophrenia

Cited by 103 publications

References 24 publications

Is Theory of Mind in Schizophrenia More Strongly Associated with Clinical and Social Functioning than with Neurocognitive Deficits?

Is Theory of Mind in Schizophrenia More Strongly Associated with Clinical and Social Functioning than with Neurocognitive Deficits?

Relationship of behavioural and symptomatic syndromes in schizophrenia to spatial working memory and attentional set-shifting ability

Disorganization/Cognitive and Negative Symptom Dimensions in the At-Risk Mental State Predict Subsequent Transition to Psychosis

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