Neuropsychological Features in Patients with General Paresis of the Insane at an Early Stage

Gao, Junhua; Ding, Du-yu; Qi, Yue; Huang, Yuming; Zhang, Jinglin; Zhang, Wei

doi:10.12659/msm.938316

Med Sci Monit

2022

DOI: 10.12659/msm.938316

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Neuropsychological Features in Patients with General Paresis of the Insane at an Early Stage

Junhua Gao

Du-yu Ding

Yue Qi

et al.

Abstract: Background:This study aimed to explore the features of cognitive impairment in patients with neurosyphilis at the early stage of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Material/Methods:A total of 18 patients with asymptomatic neurosyphilis (ANS), 19 patients with neurosyphilis at the MCI stage (neurosyphilis-MCI), and 15 patients with neurosyphilis at the dementia stage (neurosyphilis-dementia) were enrolled. Cognitive function was evaluated using comprehensive rating scales. Tests of syphilis in blood and cerebrosp… Show more

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Selective attention function impairment in HIV-negative patients with early forms of neurosyphilis

He,

Yuan,

Yuan

et al. 2024

Eur J Med Res

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Background The attentional network test (ANT) is widely used to evaluate the performance of three attentional networks: alerting, orienting and executive attention networks. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of attention functions in HIV-negative patients with early forms of neurosyphilis (NS) and their correlation with abnormalities in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods Thirty patients with early forms of NS, 31 patients with syphilis but without NS (Non-NS) and 35 healthy controls were recruited from an HIV-negative cohort between September 2020 and November 2022. The participants were evaluated with the ANT and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Brain MRI was performed in NS and Non-NS patients. Results No significant differences were observed in the MMSE scores among the three groups. However, patients with early forms of NS showed poorer performance in orienting and alerting functions than Non-NS group (F = 6.952, P = 0.011 and F = 8.794, P = 0.004, respectively); No significant difference was observed in executive function between the two groups (F = 0.001, P = 0.980). Multivariate analysis of variance using the Bonferroni post hoc test indicated that patients with NS exhibited less efficient orienting function ( P = 0.023), and alerting function ( P = 0.003) but not executive function ( P = 0.99), compared to Non-NS patients. Additionally, a significant difference was found in orienting function between patients with NS and healthy controls ( P < 0.001) compared to healthy controls. MRI scans revealed that the NS group had a higher prevalence of abnormalities in the frontal lobes and/or the temporoparietal junction compared to the Non-NS group (24/25 vs. 13/19, P = 0.032). Conclusions The orienting and alerting functions but not executive function were significantly less efficient in early forms of NS group than in the Non-NS group ( P < 0.01). This indicates deficits in selective attention in patients with early forms of NS. Brain MRI scans revealed abnormalities in the frontal and/or parietal lobes, as well as the temporoparietal junction, suggesting potential neuropathological correlates of these attentional deficits. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40001-024-02004-1.

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Selective attention function impairment in HIV-negative patients with early forms of neurosyphilis

He,

Yuan,

Yuan

et al. 2024

Eur J Med Res

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Investigation of Gray Matter Changes Using Voxel-Based Morphometry in HIV-Negative Patients with General Paresis of the Insane

Chen,

Li,

Guan

et al. 2024

NDT

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Purpose To investigate whole-brain gray matter volume (GMV) changes in human immunodeficiency (HIV)-negative patients with general paresis of the insane (GPI) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Patients and Methods A total of 18 HIV-negative individuals with GPI and 24 healthy control volunteers matched for sex, age, and education were enrolled in this study. 3 D T1-weighted imaging (3D T1WI) structural images of GPI patients and healthy controls were preprocessed using VBM. The GMV was then segmented and compared between the two groups. In addition, the correlation between cortical/subcortical GMVs and neuropsychological/laboratory test results was analyzed. Results Compared to the normal control group, the GPI group showed a decrease in GMV in multiple regions, including the bilateral frontal cortices (superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, orbital gyrus), bilateral temporal/occipital cortices (superior temporal, bilateral inferior temporal, bilateral parahippocampal, bilateral cingulate, left precentral, left fusiform, left posterior superior temporal sulcus, left lateral occipital, right middle temporal, right precuneus, right insular, and right medioventral occipital), and right parietal cortices (right superior parietal, right inferior parietal) (p<0.01, FDR corrected). Additionally, there was an increase in GMV in the bilateral basal ganglia, right hippocampus, and bilateral thalamus (p<0.01, FDR corrected). In the GPI group, GMVs of the right rostral hippocampus (r=−0.524, p=0.026), bilateral dorsal caudate nucleus (r=−0.604, p=0.008; r=−0.685, p=0.002), and the right rostral temporal thalamus (r=−0.560, p=0.016) were negatively correlated with MMSE score. Conclusion VBM showed that there are structural changes in brain GMV in HIV-negative GPI patients. The use of VBM has the potential to provide a valuable imaging basis for the diagnosis of GPI.

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Neuropsychological Features in Patients with General Paresis of the Insane at an Early Stage

Cited by 2 publications

References 47 publications

Selective attention function impairment in HIV-negative patients with early forms of neurosyphilis

Selective attention function impairment in HIV-negative patients with early forms of neurosyphilis

Investigation of Gray Matter Changes Using Voxel-Based Morphometry in HIV-Negative Patients with General Paresis of the Insane

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