Neuroreplacement therapy and stem cell biology under disease conditions

Sugaya, Kimio

doi:10.1007/s00018-002-3014-y

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Galli et al. 2005;Harris, 2003;Martino, 2004;Sohn and Gussoni, 2004;Sugaya, 2003a;Sugaya, 2003b) and (6) development (which distinguishes between genetic and other signaling events that lead to the fiber architecture of a particular muscle, body segment or the vascular supply in a muscle anlage) (e.g. BrandSaberi, 2005;Brand-Saberi and Christ, 1999;Denetclaw, Jr et al, 2001;Denetclaw and Ordahl, 2000;Duxson et al, 1986;Ordahl, 1999;Williams and Ordahl, 2000).…”

Section: Skeletal Muscle Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The satellite cell as a companion in skeletal muscle plasticity:currency, conveyance, clue, connector and colander

Anderson

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY 2277 Satellite cells in muscle plasticity formed cells fusing to form myoblasts and finally multinucleated muscle fibres.'That conference was a landmark in studies of the satellite cell and muscle regeneration, and was attended by many of the notable and pioneering contributors to the field of muscle development and muscle regeneration. Muir summarized the debate on a working definition of the satellite cell, as follows (Muir, 1970):'The satellite cell of striated muscle can be defined as a mononucleated cell, whose cytoplasm does not contain myofilaments, and which is enclosed by or lies within the basement membrane component of the sarcolemma of the striated muscle fibre. This definition does not exclude cells which are partially or completely separated from the muscle fibre plasma membrane by extensions of the basement membrane, providing that the basement membrane forms a complete investment of their outer surfaces. ' Although there were presentations detailing the observed uptake of 3 H-thymidine into nuclei of satellite cells (Hay, 1970), the role of satellite cells as precursors was not fully established in 1969. In fact there was still very strong debate that a muscle fibre could fragment into blastema cells that led to new formation of muscle. Even at this time, there was more than one paper on the appearance of osteogenic and chondrogenic tissues from minces of muscle replaced under the skin, and a report of muscle fibre nuclei contributed by a labelled connective tissue grafted into a salamander limb during regeneration (Steen, 1970).It wasn't until two seminal reports from the laboratory of Dr Charles Leblond at McGill University (Moss and Leblond, 1970;Moss and Leblond, 1971) that skeletal muscle satellite cells were convincingly identified as the source of precursor cells that proliferate and fuse to form new skeletal muscle fibres. Time-course studies of labelled nuclei in growing muscle showed that satellite cells were the only muscle cells that had incorporated 3 H-thymidine. The report followed work on colchicine-treated rats (MacConnachie et al., 1964) that showed mitotic figures only in the peripheral 'satellite' position on muscle fibres. The idea that muscle fibre nuclei give rise to the increasing number of myonuclei during the growth was convincingly ruled out (Enesco and Puddy, 1964). The notion that satellite cells contribute these domains to a growing or regenerating fibre, one at a time, is daunting in light of the expenditure of proliferative energy and fusion events. However, it speaks strongly to one of the major roles of satellite cells as a currency of muscle (see below). Satellite cells were also observed on intrafusal fibres (Katz, 1961). Two types of satellite cells were identified on these socalled muscle spindle fibres and were distinguished from those on extrafusal fibres (Maynard and Cooper, 1973), although at least one would now be called a myoblast.Although typically quiescent in normal adult muscle, satellite cells are generally con...

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Section: Skeletal Muscle Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The satellite cell as a companion in skeletal muscle plasticity:currency, conveyance, clue, connector and colander

Anderson

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…In animal models of ALS, several studies showed that transplantation of cells derived from the human teratocarcinoma cell line or human umbilical cord blood resulted in beneficial effects. However, neuroprotection was suggested to be the main cause of the observed benefits rather than the direct motor neuron replacement (Ende et al 2000;Garbuzova-Davis et al 2002, 2003.…”

Section: The Concept Of Cell Replacementmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In AD, long projections and the expression of nerve growth factor receptors led some researchers to declare basal forebrain cholinergic neurons irreplaceable (Sugaya 2003). Although there are no reports at the moment of clinical use of embryonic transplants in AD patients, several works have demonstrated that cholinergic-rich cells of fetal origin can improve the performance in animal models of cholinergic depletion (Gage and Bjorklund 1986;Hodges et al 1991a, b;Muir et al 1992;Grigoryan et al 2000).…”

Section: The Concept Of Cell Replacementmentioning

confidence: 96%

Autotransplantation of Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells as a Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Kan

Melamed

Offen

2007

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

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Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by a progressive degeneration of selective neural populations. This selective hallmark pathology and the lack of effective treatment modalities make these diseases appropriate candidates for cell therapy. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewing precursors that reside in the bone marrow and may further be exploited for autologous transplantation. Autologous transplantation of MSCs entirely circumvents the problem of immune rejection, does not cause the formation of teratomas, and raises very few ethical or political concerns. More than a few studies showed that transplantation of MSCs resulted in clinical improvement. However, the exact mechanisms responsible for the beneficial outcome have yet to be defined. Possible rationalizations include cell replacement, trophic factors delivery, and immunomodulation. Cell replacement theory is based on the idea that replacement of degenerated neural cells with alternative functioning cells induces long-lasting clinical improvement. It is reasoned that the transplanted cells survive, integrate into the endogenous neural network, and lead to functional improvement. Trophic factor delivery presents a more practical short-term approach. According to this approach, MSC effectiveness may be credited to the production of neurotrophic factors that support neuronal cell survival, induce endogenous cell proliferation, and promote nerve fiber regeneration at sites of injury. The third potential mechanism of action is supported by the recent reports claiming that neuroinflammatory mechanisms play an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, inhibiting chronic inflammatory stress might explain the beneficial effects induced by MSC transplantation. Here, we assemble evidence that supports each theory and review the latest studies that have placed MSC transplantation into the spotlight of biomedical research.

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“…The latter may not apply to diseases which directly affect all resident cells in the CNS (e.g., HD) but may be of critical importance for traumatic or vascular brain lesions. Finally, some of the trophic factors which may improve the survival of grafted cells could represent, per se, a therapeutic alternative (e.g., GDNF, reelin 44 ). In a sense, their use means "to teach the brain to graft himself with its own cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The design of clinical trials for cell transplantation into the central nervous system

Césaro

2004

Neurotherapeutics

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Neuroreplacement therapy and stem cell biology under disease conditions

Cited by 28 publications

References 113 publications

The satellite cell as a companion in skeletal muscle plasticity:currency, conveyance, clue, connector and colander

The satellite cell as a companion in skeletal muscle plasticity:currency, conveyance, clue, connector and colander

Autotransplantation of Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells as a Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases

The design of clinical trials for cell transplantation into the central nervous system

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