Neurosurgical access to cortical areas in the lateral fissure of primates

Hackett, Troy A.; Karmos, G.; Schroeder, Charles E.; Ulbert, István; Sterbing, Susanne J.; D'Angelo, William R.; Kajikawa, Yoshinao; Blumell, Suzanne; Mothe, Lisa de la

doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2004.06.001

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Injection the CPB were made directly into the lateral surface of the STG after removal of the dura. Injection of ML was achieved by slight retraction of the banks of the lateral fissure, as previously described (Hackett et al, 2005). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stereotaxic coordinates and surface landmarks were used to identify the target locations. In an attempt to avoid involving the dorsal CPB, the ML injection was made medial to the middle cerebral vein, by slight retraction of the dorsal bank of the lateral sulcus (Hackett et al, 2005). Note that the proximity of the injection to the CPB border (Figure 4E).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feedforward and feedback projections of caudal belt and parabelt areas of auditory cortex: refining the hierarchical model

et al. 2014

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Our working model of the primate auditory cortex recognizes three major regions (core, belt, parabelt), subdivided into thirteen areas. The connections between areas are topographically ordered in a manner consistent with information flow along two major anatomical axes: core-belt-parabelt and caudal-rostral. Remarkably, most of the connections supporting this model were revealed using retrograde tracing techniques. Little is known about laminar circuitry, as anterograde tracing of axon terminations has rarely been used. The purpose of the present study was to examine the laminar projections of three areas of auditory cortex, pursuant to analysis of all areas. The selected areas were: middle lateral belt (ML); caudomedial belt (CM); and caudal parabelt (CPB). Injections of anterograde tracers yielded data consistent with major features of our model, and also new findings that compel modifications. Results supporting the model were: (1) feedforward projection from ML and CM terminated in CPB; (2) feedforward projections from ML and CPB terminated in rostral areas of the belt and parabelt; and (3) feedback projections typified inputs to the core region from belt and parabelt. At odds with the model was the convergence of feedforward inputs into rostral medial belt from ML and CPB. This was unexpected since CPB is at a higher stage of the processing hierarchy, with mainly feedback projections to all other belt areas. Lastly, extending the model, feedforward projections from CM, ML, and CPB overlapped in the temporal parietal occipital area (TPO) in the superior temporal sulcus, indicating significant auditory influence on sensory processing in this region. The combined results refine our working model and highlight the need to complete studies of the laminar inputs to all areas of auditory cortex. Their documentation is essential for developing informed hypotheses about the neurophysiological influences of inputs to each layer and area.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feedforward and feedback projections of caudal belt and parabelt areas of auditory cortex: refining the hierarchical model

et al. 2014

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“…For this reason, most cannula injections used submicromolar tracer volumes, and some had contamination of white matter and cortex above and below the targeted site. ''Direct pressure injections'' were made through a pulled glass pipette affixed to a 1-or 2-ll Hamilton syringe under visual guidance and stereotaxic control, as recently described (Hackett et al 2005). In this approach, the target area was first localized by using the multiarray electrode, as described above for cannula injections.…”

Section: Tracer Injectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projection from Visual Areas V2 and Prostriata to Caudal Auditory Cortex in the Monkey

et al. 2009

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Studies in humans and monkeys report widespread multisensory interactions at or near primary visual and auditory areas of neocortex. The range and scale of these effects has prompted increased interest in interconnectivity between the putatively ''unisensory'' cortices at lower hierarchical levels. Recent anatomical tract-tracing studies have revealed direct projections from auditory cortex to primary visual area (V1) and secondary visual area (V2) that could serve as a substrate for auditory influences over low-level visual processing. To better understand the significance of these connections, we looked for reciprocal projections from visual cortex to caudal auditory cortical areas in macaque monkeys. We found direct projections from area prostriata and the peripheral visual representations of area V2. Projections were more abundant after injections of temporoparietal area and caudal parabelt than after injections of caudal medial belt and the contiguous areas near the fundus of the lateral sulcus. Only one injection was confined to primary auditory cortex (area A1) and did not demonstrate visual connections. The projections from visual areas originated mainly from infragranular layers, suggestive of a ''feedback''-type projection. The selective localization of these connections to peripheral visual areas and caudal auditory cortex suggests that they are involved in spatial localization.

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“…Given that half of the cerebral cortex of the macaque monkey is buried in cerebral sulci, the development of methods for the intrasulcal recording and stimulation is imperative for advancing our understanding of global brain functions (Hackett et al, 2005). Although ECoG is recognized as a well-balanced candidate, the method had been previously applied only to the gyral cortex due to the lack of appropriate non-invasive protocols for the sulcus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrasulcal Electrocorticography in Macaque Monkeys with Minimally Invasive Neurosurgical Protocols

Matsuo¹,

Kawasaki²,

Osada³

et al. 2011

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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Electrocorticography (ECoG), multichannel brain-surface recording and stimulation with probe electrode arrays, has become a potent methodology not only for clinical neurosurgery but also for basic neuroscience using animal models. The highly evolved primate's brain has deep cerebral sulci, and both gyral and intrasulcal cortical regions have been implicated in important functional processes. However, direct experimental access is typically limited to gyral regions, since placing probes into sulci is difficult without damaging the surrounding tissues. Here we describe a novel methodology for intrasulcal ECoG in macaque monkeys. We designed and fabricated ultra-thin flexible probes for macaques with micro-electro-mechanical systems technology. We developed minimally invasive operative protocols to implant the probes by introducing cutting-edge devices for human neurosurgery. To evaluate the feasibility of intrasulcal ECoG, we conducted electrophysiological recording and stimulation experiments. First, we inserted parts of the Parylene-C-based probe into the superior temporal sulcus to compare visually evoked ECoG responses from the ventral bank of the sulcus with those from the surface of the inferior temporal cortex. Analyses of power spectral density and signal-to-noise ratio revealed that the quality of the ECoG signal was comparable inside and outside of the sulcus. Histological examination revealed no obvious physical damage in the implanted areas. Second, we placed a modified silicone ECoG probe into the central sulcus and also on the surface of the precentral gyrus for stimulation. Thresholds for muscle twitching were significantly lower during intrasulcal stimulation compared to gyral stimulation. These results demonstrate the feasibility of intrasulcal ECoG in macaques. The novel methodology proposed here opens up a new frontier in neuroscience research, enabling the direct measurement and manipulation of electrical activity in the whole brain.

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Neurosurgical access to cortical areas in the lateral fissure of primates

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Feedforward and feedback projections of caudal belt and parabelt areas of auditory cortex: refining the hierarchical model

Feedforward and feedback projections of caudal belt and parabelt areas of auditory cortex: refining the hierarchical model

Projection from Visual Areas V2 and Prostriata to Caudal Auditory Cortex in the Monkey

Intrasulcal Electrocorticography in Macaque Monkeys with Minimally Invasive Neurosurgical Protocols

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