Neurotoxicity and the Global Worst Pollutants: Astroglial Involvement in Arsenic, Lead, and Mercury Intoxication

Arrifano, Gabriela de Paula; Crespo-López, María Elena; Lopes-Araújo, Amanda; Santos-Sacramento, Letícia; Barthelemy, Jean Ludger; Nazaré, Caio Gustavo Leal de; Freitas, Luiz Gustavo R.; Augusto-Oliveira, Marcus

doi:10.1007/s11064-022-03725-7

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Another, often overlooked, role of GSH is its involvement in the homeostasis of some metals. GSH, in fact, can interact with some metals for which the SH group shows high affinity; among these, the most studied for their impact on health are chromium, cadmium, lead, zinc, copper, and iron [21,[48][49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Glutathione Biosynthesis and Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Compounds and Glutathione: Beyond Mere Antioxidants

et al. 2023

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The tripeptide glutathione plays important roles in many cell processes, including differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis; in fact, disorders in glutathione homeostasis are involved both in the etiology and in the progression of several human diseases, including cancer. Natural compounds have been found to modulate glutathione levels and function beyond their role as mere antioxidants. For example, certain compounds can upregulate the expression of glutathione-related enzymes, increase the availability of cysteine, the limiting amino acid for glutathione synthesis, or directly interact with glutathione and modulate its function. These compounds may have therapeutic potential in a variety of disease states where glutathione dysregulation is a contributing factor. On the other hand, flavonoids’ potential to deplete glutathione levels could be significant for cancer treatment. Overall, while natural compounds may have potential therapeutic and/or preventive properties and may be able to increase glutathione levels, more research is needed to fully understand their mechanisms of action and their potential benefits for the prevention and treatment of several diseases. In this review, particular emphasis will be placed on phytochemical compounds belonging to the class of polyphenols, terpenoids, and glucosinolates that have an impact on glutathione-related processes, both in physiological and pathological conditions. These classes of secondary metabolites represent the most food-derived bioactive compounds that have been intensively explored and studied in the last few decades.

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Section: Glutathione Biosynthesis and Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Compounds and Glutathione: Beyond Mere Antioxidants

et al. 2023

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“…[4]. The most dangerous heavy metals are mercury, lead, and arsenic [5]. Lead (Pb) is part of the Earth's crust and it is present in trace amounts in soil, plants, and water; anthropic activity is responsible for the increased exposure to lead.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Olea europea extracts reduce deleterious effects induced by lead exposure in a model of neurotoxicity: involvement of the endoplasmic reticulum

Maiuolo,

Bonacci,

Ruga

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Prolonged exposure to lead has been recognized as harmful to human health as it may cause neurotoxic effects including mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, excitotoxicity, and myelin alterations, among others. Numerous data have shown that consuming olive oil and its valuable components could reduce neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. Olive oil is traditionally obtained from olive trees; this plant (Olea europeaL.) is an evergreen fruit tree belonging to the Oleaceae family and the genus Olea. In this manuscript two extracts have been used and compared: the extract from the leaves of Olea europea L, Cultivar Coratina (OE), and the extract derived from OE but with a further sonication process (s-OE). Therefore, the objectives of this experimental work were as follows: 1) To generate an innovative extract; 2) To test both extracts on a model of neurotoxicity (human neurons) induced following lead exposure; 3) To study the mechanisms behind lead-induced neurotoxicity. The results showed that the mechanism involved in the neurotoxicity of lead included dysfunction of the cellular endoplasmic reticulum, which suffered oxidative damage. Moreover, in all experiments, s-OE was 1) more effective than OE, having greater and better effects against lead-induced damage; 2) dissolved in a smaller amount of EtOH which improved its sustainability.

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“…Mercury is a toxic heavy metal that has serious effects on human health and the environment [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. It is currently classified among the top three priority substances of concern for public health due to its ubiquitous presence and deleterious consequences [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting Genetic Influence on Mercury Exposure and Intoxication in Humans: A Scoping Review

Crespo-Lopez,

Barthelemy,

Lopes-Araújo

et al. 2023

Toxics

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Human intoxication to mercury is a worldwide health problem. In addition to the type and length of exposure, the genetic background plays an important role in mercury poisoning. However, reviews on the genetic influence in mercury toxicity are scarce and not systematic. Therefore, this review aimed to systematically overview the most recent evidence on the genetic influence (using single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) on human mercury poisoning. Three different databases (PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and Scopus) were searched, and 380 studies were found that were published from 2015 to 2022. After applying inclusion/exclusion criteria, 29 studies were selected and data on characteristics (year, country, profile of participants) and results (mercury biomarkers and quantitation, SNPs, main findings) were extracted and analyzed. The largest number of studies was performed in Brazil, mainly involving traditional populations of the Tapajós River basin. Most studies evaluated the influence of the SNPs related to genes of the glutathione system (GST, GPx, etc.), the ATP-binding cassette transporters and the metallothionein proteins. The recent findings regarding other SNPs, such as those of apolipoprotein E and brain-derived neurotrophic factor genes, are also highlighted. The importance of the exposure level is discussed considering the possible biphasic behavior of the genetic modulation phenomena that could explain some SNP associations. Overall, recommendations are provided for future studies based on the analysis obtained in this scoping review.

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Neurotoxicity and the Global Worst Pollutants: Astroglial Involvement in Arsenic, Lead, and Mercury Intoxication

Cited by 23 publications

References 118 publications

Natural Compounds and Glutathione: Beyond Mere Antioxidants

Natural Compounds and Glutathione: Beyond Mere Antioxidants

Two Olea europea extracts reduce deleterious effects induced by lead exposure in a model of neurotoxicity: involvement of the endoplasmic reticulum

Revisiting Genetic Influence on Mercury Exposure and Intoxication in Humans: A Scoping Review

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