Neurotoxicity of Environmental Metal Toxicants: Special Issue

Ortega, Richard; Carmona, Asunción

doi:10.3390/toxics10070382

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…An organism’s deficiency or excess of essential metals leads to severe biological alterations. However, not all metals are essential or beneficial to organisms; some nonessential and potentially toxic metals might be capable of causing undesirable effects on the genome, glycolysis, Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and amino acid metabolism [ 1 ]. Only biometals, including iron, copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, sodium, potassium, calcium, chromium, and cobalt, are indispensable for life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unscrambling the Role of Redox-Active Biometals in Dopaminergic Neuronal Death and Promising Metal Chelation-Based Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease

Gonzalez-Alcocer

Duarte-Jurado

Soto‐Domínguez

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Biometals are all metal ions that are essential for all living organisms. About 40% of all enzymes with known structures require biometals to function correctly. The main target of damage by biometals is the central nervous system (CNS). Biometal dysregulation (metal deficiency or overload) is related to pathological processes. Chronic occupational and environmental exposure to biometals, including iron and copper, is related to an increased risk of developing Parkinson’s disease (PD). Indeed, biometals have been shown to induce a dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra. Although the etiology of PD is still unknown, oxidative stress dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inhibition of both the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy are related to dopaminergic neuronal death. Herein, we addressed the involvement of redox-active biometals, iron, and copper, as oxidative stress and neuronal death inducers, as well as the current metal chelation-based therapy in PD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unscrambling the Role of Redox-Active Biometals in Dopaminergic Neuronal Death and Promising Metal Chelation-Based Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease

Gonzalez-Alcocer

Duarte-Jurado

Soto‐Domínguez

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Aluminium is a trivalent cation and toxic metal that is highly ubiquitous as an environmental toxicant and in lots of medical agents, food products including pieces of bread, cakes, and pastries, glace fruits, dairy products 11,16,19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2023

IJPSR

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Aluminium neurotoxicity is implicated in Alzheimer's disease, this multifactorial disorder, with neurodegeneration and dementia as hallmarks. Aluminium toxicity is due to imbalances between free radicals and antioxidants formation, leading to oxidative stress. However, protection against aluminium toxicity is yet to be fully realized. Therefore, this study investigated Zingiber officinale (ZO) neuroprotective potential against aluminium chloride (AlCl 3 )induced neurotoxicity in Swiss mice. Forty-eight animals were divided into eight groups (n=5) with treatment lasting three weeks: Group 1 (control) received 1 ml/kg of distilled water, while groups 2-8 respectively, received AlCl 3 (100 mg/kg), donepezil (2.5 mg/kg), ZO ethanol extract (474 mg/kg, 949 mg/kg and 1,423 mg/kg), ZO dichloromethane extract (949 mg/kg), and ZO n-hexane extract (949 mg/kg). Morris water maze test was performed, and the mice were sacrificed. Brain homogenates were assayed for catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels. AlCl 3 treatment led to significantly (p<0.05) high escape latency and less latency in the hidden platform quadrant and reduced brain CAT and GPx levels compared with the control. The groups treated with Donepezil and ZO ethanol extract showed no difference (p>0.05) from the control, but with significantly (p<0.05) less escape latency and high brain CAT and GPx compared with the AlCl 3 group. The ZO dichloromethane and n-hexane fractions didn't show consistent actions. Conclusively, ZO ethanol extract improved cognitive activities and had antioxidant potentials. The 1,423 mg/kg ethanol extract showed the best results: the dichloromethane and n-hexane fractions didn't show consistent results. INTRODUCTION:Aluminium is a trivalent cation and toxic metal that is highly ubiquitous as an environmental toxicant and in lots of medical agents, food products including pieces of bread, cakes, and pastries, glace fruits, dairy products 11,16,19 .

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