Neutralising antibody activity against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs B.1.617.2 and B.1.351 by BNT162b2 vaccination

Wall, Emma C; Wu, Mary; Harvey, Ruth; Kelly, Gavin; Warchal, Scott; Sawyer, Chelsea; Daniels, Rodney S.; Hobson, Philip; Hatipoglu, Emine; Ngai, Yenting; Hussain, Saira; Nicod, Jérôme; Goldstone, Robert; Ambrose, Karen; Hindmarsh, Steve; Beale, Rupert; Riddell, Andrew; Gamblin, Steve; Howell, Michael; Kassiotis, George; Libri, Vincenzo; Williams, Bryan; Swanton, Charles; Gandhi, Sonia; Bauer, David L.V.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01290-3

Cited by 515 publications

(460 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

411

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We demonstrate evasion of neutralising antibodies by the Delta variant live virus with sera from convalescent patients, as well as sera from individuals in the UK vaccinated with two different vaccines, one based on an adenovirus vector (ChAdOx-1), and the other mRNA (BNT162b2). Our findings on reduced susceptibility of Delta to vaccine elicited sera are similar to other reports 21,22 , including the lower GMT following two doses of ChAdOx-1 compared to BNT162b2. The vaccine sera data presented are consistent with emerging data from observational studies on vaccine efficacy (VE) in the UK, showing that VE is lower for the Delta versus the Alpha variant following both first and second doses of vaccine (PHE Technical Briefing 16).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 Delta variant emergence and vaccine breakthrough

Mlčochová¹,

Kemp²,

Dhar

et al. 2021

Preprint

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant was first identified in the state of Maharashtra in late 2020 and has spread throughout India, displacing the B.1.1.7 (Alpha) variant and other pre-existing lineages. Mathematical modelling indicates that the growth advantage is most likely explained by a combination of increased transmissibility and immune evasion. Indeed in vitro, the delta variant is less sensitive to neutralising antibodies in sera from recovered individuals, with higher replication efficiency as compared to the Alpha variant. In an analysis of vaccine breakthrough in over 100 healthcare workers across three centres in India, the Delta variant not only dominates vaccine-breakthrough infections with higher respiratory viral loads compared to non-delta infections (Ct value of 16.5 versus 19), but also generates greater transmission between HCW as compared to B.1.1.7 or B.1.617.1 (p=0.02). In vitro, the Delta variant shows 8 fold approximately reduced sensitivity to vaccine-elicited antibodies compared to wild type Wuhan-1 bearing D614G. Serum neutralising titres against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant were significantly lower in participants vaccinated with ChadOx-1 as compared to BNT162b2 (GMT 3372 versus 654, p<0001). These combined epidemiological and in vitro data indicate that the dominance of the Delta variant in India has been most likely driven by a combination of evasion of neutralising antibodies in previously infected individuals and increased virus infectivity. Whilst severe disease in fully vaccinated HCW was rare, breakthrough transmission clusters in hospitals associated with the Delta variant are concerning and indicate that infection control measures need continue in the post-vaccination era.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 Delta variant emergence and vaccine breakthrough

Mlčochová¹,

Kemp²,

Dhar

et al. 2021

Preprint

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The median interval between doses was 63 days (IQR 62·0–69·5). Consistent with our previous findings, 3 we included a strain with the original spike sequence (Wildtype), a strain with an Asp614Gly mutation isolated during the first wave of infection in the UK, in 2020 (D614G), and VOCs B.1.1.7 (Alpha, first detected in Kent, England), B.1.351 (Beta, first detected in South Africa), and B.1.617.2 (Delta, first detected in India).…”

supporting

confidence: 94%

“…These data, together with our previous findings, 3 reveal that AZD1222 recipients have lower NAbTs than BNT162b2 recipients against SARS-CoV-2 variants, including B.1.617.2 ( appendix p 3 ). This finding is in line with the vaccine-induced NAbTs observed during clinical trials of AZD1222 4 and BNT162b2.…”

supporting

confidence: 80%

“…Given our previous observation of decreased NAbTs in older BNT162b2 recipients, 3 we note that our observation here of lower median NAbTs of about 2·5-fold in two-dose AZD1222 recipients relative to two-dose BNT162b2 recipients is confounded by the fact that the AZD1222 cohort is significantly younger than the BNT162b2 cohort (median age 33 years [IQR 28–41] vs 42 years [33–52], p=2·3 −8 ); comparison of two-dose AZD1222 recipients to a more similar subset of the two-dose BNT162b2 cohort (n=58, single study site, age <50 years, dosing interval >40 days; appendix p 4 ), shows a more pronounced reduction in median NAbTs against B.1.617.2 between two-dose AZD1222 and two-dose BNT162b2 recipients ( appendix p 5 ). Along with increased standardisation across serological laboratories, further serological examination of AZD1222 recipients will be needed as the UK vaccination programme continues, to assess the extent to which variables such as age affect NAbTs (especially beyond the median 31 days post-second dose examined here) and vaccine efficacy, and to establish and refine correlates of protection against all SARS-CoV-2 variants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222, Oxford–AstraZeneca) vaccine forms the core of the UK's vaccination programme and the global COVAXX programme. To determine B.1.617.2 sensitivity to AZD1222-induced neutralising antibodies (NAbs) and to compare this to our previous measurements of NAbs induced by BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech), 3 we carried out a second initial analysis of Legacy study participants vaccinated with AZD1222. Legacy was initiated in early 2021 by University College London Hospitals and the Francis Crick Institute in London, UK, to track serological responses to vaccination during the national COVID-19 vaccination programme in prospectively recruited healthy staff volunteers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

AZD1222-induced neutralising antibody activity against SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Association of a Third Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine With Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Health Care Workers in Israel

Spitzer

Angel

Marudi

et al. 2022

JAMA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IMPORTANCE Administration of a BNT162b2 booster dose (Pfizer-BioNTech) to fully vaccinated individuals aged 60 years and older was significantly associated with lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe illness. Data are lacking on the effectiveness of booster doses for younger individuals and health care workers.OBJECTIVE To estimate the association of a BNT162b2 booster dose with SARS-CoV-2 infections among health care workers who were previously vaccinated with a 2-dose series of BNT162b2. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis was a prospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary medical center in Tel Aviv, Israel. The study cohort included 1928 immunocompetent health care workers who were previously vaccinated with a 2-dose series of BNT162b2, and had enrolled between August 8 and 19, 2021, with final follow-up reported through September 20, 2021. Screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection was performed every 14 days. Anti-spike protein receptor binding domain IgG titers were determined at baseline and 1 month after enrollment. Cox regression with time-dependent analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios of SARS-CoV-2 infection between booster-immunized status and 2-dose vaccinated (booster-nonimmunized) status.EXPOSURES Vaccination with a booster dose of BNT162b2 vaccine. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was SARS-CoV-2 infection, as confirmed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Among 1928 participants, the median age was 44 years (IQR, 36-52 years) and 1381 were women (71.6%). Participants completed the 2-dose vaccination series a median of 210 days (IQR, 205-213 days) before study enrollment. A total of 1650 participants (85.6%) received the booster dose. During a median follow-up of 39 days (IQR, 35-41 days), SARS-CoV-2 infection occurred in 44 participants (incidence rate, 60.2 per 100 000 person-days); 31 (70.5%) were symptomatic. Five SARS-CoV-2 infections occurred in booster-immunized participants and 39 in booster-nonimmunized participants (incidence rate, 12.8 vs 116 per 100 000 person-days, respectively). In a time-dependent Cox regression analysis, the adjusted hazard ratio of SARS-CoV-2 infection for booster-immunized vs booster-nonimmunized participants was 0.07 (95% CI, 0.02-0.20).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among health care workers at a single center in Israel who were previously vaccinated with a 2-dose series of BNT162b2, administration of a booster dose compared with not receiving one was associated with a significantly lower rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection over a median of 39 days of follow-up. Ongoing surveillance is required to assess durability of the findings.

show abstract

Neutralising antibody activity against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs B.1.617.2 and B.1.351 by BNT162b2 vaccination

Cited by 515 publications

References 5 publications

SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 Delta variant emergence and vaccine breakthrough

SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 Delta variant emergence and vaccine breakthrough

AZD1222-induced neutralising antibody activity against SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC

Association of a Third Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine With Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Health Care Workers in Israel

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About