Neutrophil function and infectious disease in workers occupationally exposed to phosphoorganic pesticides: Role of mononuclear-derived chemotactic factor for neutrophils

Hermanowicz, A; Kossman, Stefan

doi:10.1016/0090-1229(84)90288-5

Cited by 74 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Further work by the same group [85] showed that parathion induced suppression of humoral immunity in mice. A marked impairment of neutrophil chemotaxis stimulated with zymosan-activated serum and a greater frequency of upper respiratory tract infection were demonstrated in workers occupationally exposed to OP pesticides in whom a decrease in both serum and red blood cell cholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase) activity was observed [86]. In 1983, Zackov [87] Organophosphorus poisoning and anaesthesia ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ OP pesticides elicit autoimmune reactions and suppress the production of antibodies against vaccines.…”

Section: Altered Immunity To Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organophosphorus poisoning and anaesthesia

1999

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SummaryOrganophosphorus compounds, used as insecticides and agents of chemical warfare, are a major global cause of health problems. These irreversible inhibitors of cholinesterase produce three wellrecognised clinical entities: the initial cholinergic phase, which is a medical emergency often requiring management in an intensive care unit; the intermediate syndrome, during which prolonged ventilatory care is necessary; and delayed polyneuropathy. In addition, disturbances of body temperature and endocrine function, electrolyte imbalances, immunological dysfunction and disorders of reproduction have been reported in animals and man. Vocal cord paralysis, pancreatitis, cardiac arrhythmias and a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders are known to follow acute and chronic exposure to organophosphorus compounds. As a result of the inhibition of plasma cholinesterase, there can be increased sensitivity to drugs hydrolysed by this enzyme, e.g. suxamethonium and mivacurium. The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase causes dysfunction at the neuromuscular junction which can produce altered responses to nondepolarising neuromuscular blockers. Anaesthetists may encounter patients exposed to organophosphorus compounds either following acute poisoning, trauma (warfare) or as patients with a wide range of nonspecific disorders presenting for surgery. The traditional use of oximes and atropine in treatment has failed to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with poisoning. The roles of agents that have reduced the toxicity of organophosphorus compounds in animal experiments are discussed as potential therapeutic agents. There is an urgent need for accurate information on the problems associated with exposure to organophosphorus compounds. This would best be achieved by collaborative research between technologically advanced countries and developing countries, where organophosphorus compounds are a leading cause of ill health.

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Section: Altered Immunity To Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organophosphorus poisoning and anaesthesia

1999

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“…The results of the present study revealed that exposure to cement dust, decreased the physiological activity of PMNs as measured by decreased CL response in cement mill workers. The previous studies by Scheuchenzuber et al [20], Hermanowicz et al [21], Donaldson et al [22] and Sliwinski et al [23] focused directly or indirectly on the phagocytic function and dust but none of them concerned the cement mill workers. In the present study, the phagocytic function of PMNs stimulated with OPZ was signifi cantly decreased in cement mill workers, compared to controls (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, olivine inhalation also suppressed the alveolar macrophage phagocytosis to a lesser extent than silica. In addition, Hermanowicz et al [21] studied the neutrophil function and the prevalence of infections in workers occupationally exposed to organophosphate pesticides and among age-and sex-matched healthy controls. They found a marked impairment of the chemotactic function of neutrophils stimulated with zymosan-activated serum in all the groups of workers exposed to organophosphate pesticides.…”

Section: Cement Dust Exposure and Chemiluminescence Response O R I G mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cement Dust Exposure on Phagocytic Function of Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils in Cement Mill Workers

Meo¹,

Rasheed²,

Khan³

et al. 2008

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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Objectives: Exposure to cement dust can cause various occupational health problems due to its increasing incidence and long-term complications. However, the infl uence of cement dust on phagocytic function of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), has not as yet been investigated. Therefore, the aim of the study was to measure the phagocytic activity of PMNs by assessing chemilumiscence (CL) response in cement mill workers and controls. Material and Methods: In this study, 50 volunteer males, aged 25-60 years, apparently healthy and nonsmoking, were randomly selected from among cement mill workers. These workers were further classifi ed into subgroups based on exposure duration of less than 10, 10-20, and more than 20 years. The controls were 50 healthy, nonsmoking, males who matched the study group with respect to age, height, weight, and socioeconomic status. The phagocytic function of PMNs, stimulated with opsonized zymosan, was determined by measuring CL response. Results: The fi ndings show a signifi cant decrease in phagocytic activity of PMNs [PMNs OPZ p < 0.005] in cement mill workers compared to controls. Conclusion: It is concluded that exposure to cement dust can impair the phagocytic function of PMNs which is refl ected in decreased chemiluminescence response.

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“…Immunoinsufficiency was studied with regard to chlororganic insecticides (DDT, HCH, heptachlorine - Hermanowicz et al 1982;Wysocki 1985;Kashyap 1986;Menconi et al 1988;Broughton et al 1990;McConnachie and Zahalsky 1992;Barnett and Rodgers 1994), organophosphates (Hermanowicz and Kossman 1984;Esa et al 1988;Newcombe and Esa 1992;Thrasher et al 1993), pyrethroid insecticides (allethrin, cypermetrin, fenpropathrin, permethrin -Descotes 1988), herbicides (atrazin 2,4-D, 2,4,5 -T -Descotes 1988; Fournier et al 1992; Wolfe et al 1990), fungicides (pentachlorphenol -PCP -Descotes 1988; Lang Mueller -Ruchholtz 1991; Klemmer et al 1980;Colosio et al 1993;McConnachie and Zahalsky 1991;hexachlorbenzene -HCB -Vos 1986 ) and carbamates (aldicarb -Fiore et al 1986;Barnett and Rodgers 1994). The up-to-date knowledge about clinical immunotoxicity of pesticides in humans can be summarized briefly as follows: Despite the fact that the epidemiological studies focused on direct immunotoxicity of pesticides revealed some immunity alterations, we lack direct evidence indicating that the occupational or environmental exposure of humans to pesticides results in clinical immunosuppression associated with increased incidence of infections or tumours.…”

Section: Pesticide-induced Immunosuppressivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotoxicology and Veterinary Medicine (Review Article)

Kacmar¹,

Pistl²,

Mikula³

1999

Acta Vet. Brno

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Kaãmár P., J. Pistl, I. Mikula: Immunotoxicology and Veterinary Medicine. Acta Vet. Brno, 1999, 68: 57-79. Immunotoxicology investigates unwanted adverse effects of xenobiotics (pesticides, heavy metals from emissions, new DNA-recombinant products, immune response modulators, monoclonal antibodies, drugs and others) on the immune system of man and animals. Immunotoxicology in veterinary medicine deals mostly with the problems of dominant ecological toxicants, such as pesticides. Therefore, the veterinary immunotoxicology can be referred to as ecoimmunotoxicology. DNA-recombinant biopreparations and drugs are also important in this respect. Interactions of various xenobiotics with live organisms pose diverse immunological problems. The present study emphasizes that the assessment of immunotoxicological risk arising from xenogenous substances demands the development of new and more exact immunotoxical testing methods. Moreover, the thorough evaluation of the immunotoxic effect of a respective xenobiotic should be supported by a complex set of tests rather than limited number of them. The extent of functional and non-functional immunity tests should be determined on the basis of knowledge about the mechanism of the toxic effects of xenobiotics in animals. This knowledge can be supplied by biochemistry, toxicology, pharmacology and histopathology (histochemistry and immunohistochemistry). The up-to-date knowledge about immunosuppressive effects of pesticides and their possible interference with the genetic material of live organisms indicates that it is necessary to restrict gradually the extensive use of a broad spectrum of pesticides through accentuated application of scientifically justified agrotechnical procedures and the use of transgenic plants developed by molecular genetic methods. To minimize the immunotoxic risk of pesticides to farm animals and free-living animals a system of appropriate undergraduate and graduate education should be developed. This is a long-term process that can obviously be realised by establishing a joint scientific branch of toxicology and pharmacology within the veterinary medicine. A thorough study of mechanisms of immunotoxicity and immunopharmacology of various agents can result in the production of safer protective agrochemicals and more effective drugs. Immunotoxicology, immunotoxicants, pesticides, immunosuppression, ecoimmunotoxicology, immunotoxicological testsThe initial studies of the susceptibility of the immune system and its possible use for detection of subclinical toxic states were published in the seventies and early eighties (Vos and van Genderen 1973;Vos 1977;Loose et al. 1978;Faith et al. 1980) when the attention began to focus on the immune system as an important object of toxic action, particularly in connexion with the experiments on rodents. The susceptibility of the immune system to toxic damage can result from several factors. Host resistance to infectious agents and spontaneous neoplasms depends on immunocompetent cells which are subject to cont...

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Neutrophil function and infectious disease in workers occupationally exposed to phosphoorganic pesticides: Role of mononuclear-derived chemotactic factor for neutrophils

Cited by 74 publications

References 12 publications

Organophosphorus poisoning and anaesthesia

Organophosphorus poisoning and anaesthesia

Effect of Cement Dust Exposure on Phagocytic Function of Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils in Cement Mill Workers

Immunotoxicology and Veterinary Medicine (Review Article)

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