Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte to monocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio to predict the severity of COVID-19

Seyit, Murat; Avcı, Esin; Nar, Rukiye; Şenol, Hande; Yılmaz, Atakan; Özen, Mert; Oskay, Alten; Aybek, Hülya

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2020.12.069

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, there was no significant difference between COVID-19 patients and the control group regarding the values of dNLR. These data are consistent with Seyit et al, 23 who found that NLR and PLR ratios were significantly increased in patients infected with COVID-19 compared to non-infected counterparts. Similarly, Sun et al 24 concluded that NLR, LMR and PLR had a high diagnostic value for COVID-19 patients based on a comparative study between infected and non-infected patients from China.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In this concern, Zhang et al 31 demonstrated that 94% of the assessed COVID-19 patients had increased NLR >5. Also, Sun et al 24 found that NLR had a sensitivity of 74.07% and specificity of 89.89% at a cut-off 4.5, while the results of Seyit et al 23 showed that NLR had 70% sensitivity and 46% specificity at a cut-off 1.81. Though NLR is a widely used inflammatory marker, it is not sufficient alone for the detection of COVID-19 infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Role of Different Inflammatory Indices in the Diagnosis of COVID-19

Eissa¹,

Shaarawy²,

Abdellateif³

2021

IJGM

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Different Inflammatory Indices in the Diagnosis of COVID-19

Eissa¹,

Shaarawy²,

Abdellateif³

2021

IJGM

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“…Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was reported as a prognostic marker of disease severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients [21][22][23]. Different cut off values have been proposed to categorize patients at higher or lower risk of unfavorable outcomes.…”

Section: Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Immunostimulation in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia

Santus

Radovanovic

Garziano

et al. 2021

JCM

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Background: The effects of immunomodulators in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia are still unknown. We investigated the cellular inflammatory and molecular changes in response to standard-of-care + pidotimod (PDT) and explored the possible association with blood biomarkers of disease severity. Methods: Clinical characteristics and outcomes, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), plasma and cell supernatant chemokines, and gene expression patterns after SARS-CoV-2 and influenza (FLU) virus in vitro stimulation were assessed in 16 patients with mild-moderate COVID-19 pneumonia, treated with standard of care and PDT 800 mg twice daily (PDT group), and measured at admission, 7 (T1), and 12 (T2) days after therapy initiation. Clinical outcomes and NLR were compared with age-matched historical controls not exposed to PDT. Results: Hospital stay, in-hospital mortality, and intubation rate did not differ between groups. At T1, NLR was 2.9 (1.7–4.6) in the PDT group and 5.5 (3.4–7.1) in controls (p = 0.037). In the PDT group, eotaxin and IL-4 plasma concentrations progressively increased (p < 0.05). Upon SARS-CoV-2 and FLU-specific stimulation, IFN-γ was upregulated (p < 0.05), while at genetic transcription level, Pathogen Recognition Receptors (TRLs) were upregulated, especially in FLU-stimulated conditions. Conclusions: Immunomodulation exerted by PDT and systemic corticosteroids may foster a restoration in the innate response to the viral infection. These results should be confirmed in larger RCTs.

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“…There are a few reports regarding these scores pertaining to COVID-19 diagnosis. There are several other diagnostic scores for COVID-19, such as neutrophile-to-lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (22,24,26,(53)(54)(55)(56). Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, these scores were used in the evaluation of malignant tumors (57,58).…”

Section: Prognostic Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Features of Early Stage COVID-19 in a Primary Care Setting

et al. 2021

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Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remains a global healthcare crisis. Nevertheless, the majority of COVID-19 cases involve mild to moderate symptoms in the early stages. The lack of information relating to these cases necessitates further investigation.Methods: Patients visiting the outpatient clinic at the Kamagaya General Hospital were screened by interview and body temperature check. After initial screening, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection was suspected in 481 patients who then underwent blood tests and the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) test for SARS-CoV-2. Clinical characteristics between positive and negative SARS-CoV-2 groups were compared. Further, the novel predictive value of routine blood test results for SARS-CoV-2 infection was evaluated using ROC analysis.Results: A total of 15,560 patients visited our hospital during the study period. After exclusion and initial screening by interview, 481 patients underwent the LAMP test and routine blood tests. Of these patients, 69 (14.3%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 and diagnosed with COVID-19 (positive group), and 412 (85.7%) were negative (negative group). The median period between the first onset of symptoms and visit to our hospital was 3.4 and 2.9 days in the negative and positive groups, respectively. Cough (p = 0.014), rhinorrhea (p = 0.039), and taste disorders (p < 0.001) were significantly more common in the positive group, while gastrointestinal symptoms in the negative group (p = 0.043). The white blood cell count (p < 0.001), neutrophil count (p < 0.001), and percentage of neutrophils (p < 0.001) were higher in the negative group. The percentage of monocytes (p < 0.001) and the levels of ferritin (p < 0.001) were higher in the positive group. As per the predictive values for COVID-19 using blood tests, the values for the area under the curve for the neutrophil-to-monocyte ratio (NMR), white blood cell-to-hemoglobin ratio (WHR), and the product of the two (NMWH) were 0.857, 0.837, and 0.887, respectively.Conclusion: Symptoms in early stage COVID-19 patients were similar to those in previous reports. Some blood test results were not consistent with previous reports. NMR, WHR, and NMWH are novel diagnostic scores in early-stage mild-symptom COVID-19 patients in primary care settings.

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Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte to monocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio to predict the severity of COVID-19

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

The Role of Different Inflammatory Indices in the Diagnosis of COVID-19

The Role of Different Inflammatory Indices in the Diagnosis of COVID-19

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Immunostimulation in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia

Clinical Features of Early Stage COVID-19 in a Primary Care Setting

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