Nevi and melanoma induced by chemical carcinogens in laboratory animals: similarities and differences with human lesions

Pawłowski, A; Lea, Peter J.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0560.1983.tb01483.x

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Opossom, guinea pigs and Angora goats can develop melanocytic lesions (Chan et al., 2001; Green et al., 1996; Menzies et al., 2004). Guinea pigs could be excellent models for SSM given that they form junctional naevi after UVB exposure (Menzies et al., 2004) and melanomas with nesting in the epidermis after carcinogen treatment (Pawlowski and Lea, 1983). The major problem with all of these species is that animal husbandry is extremely expensive, and they are not easily genetically modifiable to test the role of various mutations, and there is a general limitation in resources for genetic and biochemical analyses.…”

Section: Are There Better Animal Models Than Mice?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling melanoma in mice

Walker

Soyer

Terzian

et al. 2011

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res

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Summary Phenotypic and molecular heterogeneity in human melanoma has impaired efforts to explain many of the clinically important features of melanoma. For example, many of the underlying mechanisms that might predict age‐of‐onset, time to metastasis and other key elements in melanoma progression remain unknown. Furthermore, melanoma staging used to predict outcome and treatment has not yet moved beyond a basic phenotypic classification. While molecularly targeted therapies show great promise for melanoma patients, establishing accurate animal models that recapitulate human cutaneous melanoma progression remains a priority. We examine the relevance of mice as models for human melanoma progression and for key molecular and histopathologic variants of melanoma. These mice may be used as preclinical models to probe the relationships between causative mutations, disease progression and outcome for molecularly targeted therapeutics. We ask how new mouse models, or more detailed histopathologic and molecular analyses of existing mouse models, may be used to advance our understanding of genotype–phenotype correlations in this tumour type. This necessarily involves a consideration of the utility of mice as models for ultraviolet radiation‐induced melanoma, and how this might be improved.

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Section: Are There Better Animal Models Than Mice?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling melanoma in mice

Walker

Soyer

Terzian

et al. 2011

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res

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“…Since then, metastases have been found in 48% of Ab-tumor bearing (35--46) 32 (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26) In parentheses: first and last passage in a given year.…”

Section: Me~s~s~mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3) Other induced melanotic tumors; a) induced with chemical carcinogens in the skin of hamsters, gerbils, mice, and guinea pigs [16,17]; b) virally induced cutaneous [18] and uveal [19] melanomas in cats. 4) Spontaneous hereditary melanomas occurring with high frequency in graying horses [20], Sinclair miniature swine [21], xiphophorine fish [22], and the fruit fly Drosophila [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The natural history of a family of transplantable melanomas in hamsters

1988

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We have characterized a family of transplantable melanomas in Syrian (golden) hamsters, which originated in 1959 as a spontaneous melanoma of hamster skin, and which has been maintained since then by serial passage. Emphasis has been placed on using the same method of transplantation, keeping strict records on all passages, and applying the same investigative techniques, in order to trace tumor behavior over long periods of time. This tumor family consists of five variants linked by common origin, but which differ with respect to differentiation level, malignancy, intermediary metabolism, chromosome number, and cell surface properties. Once established, these melanomas possessed a considerable degree of phenotypic stability over decades of passaging. One tumor line in this family is emphasized. The Ab amelanotic melanoma lost its differentiated functions (the ability to synthetize melanin) a quarter of a century ago, and since then has remained dedifferentiated in serial passage in hamsters. After transfer to primary cell culture, the Ab melanoma cells differentiate readily and lose much of their proliferative potential. This process is reversible by reimplantation of the cells into a hamster. Inasmuch as this hamster melanoma system meets many of the conditions required for an experimental tumor model, five melanoma variants are characterized concisely and compared to other melanomas in humans and animals. Mechanisms by which new melanoma variants arise are discussed and compared to some phenomena in the evolution of the species.

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“…Unlike amelanotic melanomas, Schwannomas of the skin often occur in the cervical region associated with the salivary gland and are histologically characterized by Antoni A and B tissues with marked cystic formation (6) Melanoma of the skin has been chemically induced in hamsters, guinea pigs, gerbils, and mice (25). Chemically induced melanoma of the skin has not been reported in the rat (34).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%