New Amphiphilic Macromolecule as Viscosity Reducer with Both Asphaltene Dispersion and Emulsifying Capacity for Offshore Heavy Oil

Xiao, Wang; Zhang, Heng; Liang, Xuwei; Shi, Leiting; Chen, Mao; Wang, Xudong; Liu, Wanfa; Ye, Zhongbin

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c03256

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Asphaltene inhibitors peptize the asphaltenes and keep them in solution or act on the rock surface to limit the deposition of asphaltenes . In any case, the inhibitor’s effectiveness depends on its structure and chemical nature, the nature of the solvent, the dispersion medium, the temperature, and the pressure during processing. , In general, two types of asphaltene inhibitors are in use, small molecule-based , (e.g., acidic amphiphilic molecules, amides and imides, ionic liquids, etc.) and polymer-based asphaltene dispersants − (e.g., nonpolymer alkyls of polymethacrylate, comb-like polymers, etc.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on Microfluidics for the Study of Asphaltenes in Upstream Hydrocarbon Production: A Minireview

Sharma

Hartman

2022

Energy Fuels

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The utilization of microfluidics has generated deep insights into asphaltene precipitation mechanisms and oil−water emulsion stabilization. Agglomeration and precipitation of asphaltenes can cause flow assurance problems during the extraction and transportation of crude oil. Change in temperature, pressure, reservoir conditions, and solvents can change the local environment, leading to asphaltene precipitation. Understanding asphaltene properties and precipitation pathways becomes critical in devising mitigation methods, demulsifiers, and suitable conditions during hydrocarbon processing. Microfluidics has helped in high throughput measurement studies, understanding critical processing conditions, fast demulsifier screening, and the effect of solvent concentration on deposition, generating useful information for utilization at the point of resource extraction facilitating improved resource management. It has become possible to capture the porous, complex nature of reservoir formations and the interaction of chemicals during precipitation through integrated analytics and visualization studies available only through microfluidics. The use of droplet microfluidics, with optical microscopy and high-speed imaging to study the oil−water interface, has resulted in greater understanding of the role of asphaltenes in interfacial properties and emulsion stabilization. This minireview highlights the crucial aspects of microfluidics that have been used to understand physicochemical behavior and dynamics of asphaltene deposition. Some of the unique devices have been presented focusing on the key elements of microfluidics design, fabrication, and analysis, as the insight obtained from microfluidics strongly depends on the device design and the controllability of the experimental parameters. Successful implementation of microfluidics for efficient and controlled experiments, short analysis time scales and rapid screening, and generation of high-quality, reliable data that convey asphaltene deposition issues and interface behavior in emulsions shows the importance of microsystems for advancing knowledge in hydrocarbon production and processing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on Microfluidics for the Study of Asphaltenes in Upstream Hydrocarbon Production: A Minireview

Sharma

Hartman

2022

Energy Fuels

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“…The value of the PIP of the COE is closely related to the crude oil physical properties (COPPs). Generally, the higher content of interfacial active components in crude oil, the stronger the emulsifying ability of crude oil, leading to a larger PIP of the COE. ,− At present, the PIP of an COE is usually determined using experiments according to actual production needs. However, there is no universal prediction model for the PIP of a COE that has been published that is applicable to different crude oil–water systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of the Phase Inversion Point of Crude Oil Emulsion by Characterization of Crude Oil Physical Properties

et al. 2022

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Accurate prediction of the phase inversion point (PIP) of crude oil emulsion (COE) will give important guiding significance to the mixed transportation technology during the crude oil mining process. The influence of water cut of a system on viscosity characteristics of the COE was studied by emulsification experiments with 16 kinds of crude oils having significant differences in physical properties. The results showed that under the condition of low water cut of a system, the crude oils can emulsify all the water to form stable W/O emulsions with apparent viscosities much higher than those of pure crude oils. When the water cut of a system exceeds a certain critical value, the crude oils have no ability to emulsify all water; instead, they are wrapped by a water phase and form unstable O/W emulsions, and their apparent viscosities decrease sharply compared with those of pure crude oils. The critical water cut of a system corresponding to the abrupt change of apparent viscosity of the COE is the PIP of the COE changing from the type of W/O to O/W. Furthermore, the apparent viscosities of stable W/O emulsions decrease with increasing shear rate and temperature and meanwhile increase dramatically with the increasing water cut of a system. The apparent viscosities of unstable O/W emulsions decrease with increasing shear rate, water cut of a system, and temperature and are far lower than those of pure crude oils. Four typical parameters were chose as the representation to describe the crude oil physical properties (COPPs), that is, the content of saturates, the content of aromatics, the content of surfactants, and the crude oil acid number. On the basis of the quantitative description of COPPs, a prediction model for the PIP of the COE was established. The results of model verification showed that the mean relative deviation of prediction results was 2.9%.

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“…Therefore, the “steric blocking” from aliphatic side chains impairs the formation of flocs caused by bridging interactions. Therefore, those polymers containing both alkyl side chains and aromatic pendants can well inhibit or disperse the asphaltenes, because they can produce an asphaltene–polymer–asphaltene sandwich structure and enlarge the distance between asphaltenes. ,− …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Aromatic Pendants in a Maleic Anhydride-co-Octadecene Polymer on the Precipitation of Asphaltenes Extracted from Heavy Crude Oil

Cheng

Zou

et al. 2021

Energy Fuels

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The precipitation and deposition of asphaltenes often cause great troubles to the recovery and transportation of crude oil. Adding polymer inhibitors is an effective approach to prevent asphaltenes from clogging. In this study, maleic anhydrideco-octadecene copolymers with imidazolyl, phenyl, and pyridyl pendants were synthesized. The inhibition behaviors of two extracted asphaltenes in the presence of these copolymers were investigated, which were also identified by the rheological tests of the heavy crude oil sample. The chemical structure of both asphaltenes was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), elemental analysis, and time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometry. Both asphaltenes A and B have a high aromaticity and low H/C. However, asphaltene B has a much higher aromaticity and polarity than that of asphaltene A. Ultraviolet−visible spectroscopy, turbidity meter, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were employed to determine the precipitation behaviors of asphaltenes in the absence and presence of copolymers. The influence of intrinsic properties of asphaltenes, polymer concentration, and aromatic group grafting ratio on asphaltene precipitation were also compared. It is found that the initial precipitation point (IPP) of both asphaltenes is increased most by the copolymer containing 2-aminopyridine (PMO-2-P), while the copolymer containing N-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole (PMO-I) shows the worst inhibition performance. It is because that pyridine group has a stronger adsorption capacity with asphaltene than the imidazole group. The effect of various functional groups in copolymers on inhibiting asphaltene precipitation conforms to the following sequence: 2-aminopyridine > aniline > 4aminopyridine > N-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole. It is also found that high polymer concentration and grafting ratio are beneficial to inhibit the asphaltene precipitation. As a result of the π−π conjugation and hydrogen-bonding attractions between the aromatic groups in the copolymers and the asphaltenes, the polymers can be stably adsorbed onto the surface of the asphaltenes and prevent their aggregation.

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New Amphiphilic Macromolecule as Viscosity Reducer with Both Asphaltene Dispersion and Emulsifying Capacity for Offshore Heavy Oil

Cited by 32 publications

References 61 publications

Perspectives on Microfluidics for the Study of Asphaltenes in Upstream Hydrocarbon Production: A Minireview

Perspectives on Microfluidics for the Study of Asphaltenes in Upstream Hydrocarbon Production: A Minireview

Modeling of the Phase Inversion Point of Crude Oil Emulsion by Characterization of Crude Oil Physical Properties

Effect of Aromatic Pendants in a Maleic Anhydride-co-Octadecene Polymer on the Precipitation of Asphaltenes Extracted from Heavy Crude Oil

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