New approach for severe marine weather study using satellite passive microwave sensing

Zabolotskikh, E. V.; Mitnik, L.M.; Chapron, Bertrand

doi:10.1002/grl.50664

Cited by 59 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In particular, estimated nondimensional fetch close to or larger than the critical value will indicate that the resonance effect will be large with a rightward wave energy marked enhancement. The criterion can further be used for future investigations concerned with TC-induced vertical mixing [e.g., Grodsky et al, 2012], climatology completeness [e.g., Knaff et al, 2013;Smirnova et al, 2015], radiating swell determination and dissipation estimation [e.g., Ardhuin et al, 2009;, but also investigations concerned by the local sea state impact on microwave measurements to infer surface extreme wind speeds from passive instruments [Uhlhorn and Black, 2003;Reul et al, 2012;Zabolotskikh et al, 2013Zabolotskikh et al, , 2015 and future bistatic L-band Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (i.e., CYGNSS [Ruf et al, 2013]).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simplified wave enhancement criterion for moving extreme events

2015

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An analytical model is derived to efficiently describe the wave energy distribution along the main transects of a moving extreme weather event. The model essentially builds on a generalization of the self‐similar wave growth model and the assumption of a strongly dominant single spectral mode in a given quadrant of the storm. The criterion to anticipate wave enhancement with the generation of trapped abnormal waves defined as gr/ur2≈cTtrue(ur/Vtrue)1/q, with r, u, and V, radial distance, average sustained wind speed, and translation velocity, respectively. Constants q and cT follow the fetch‐law definitions. If forced during a sufficient time scale interval, also defined from this generalized self‐similar wave growth model, waves can be trapped and large amplification of the wave energy will occur in the front‐right storm quadrant. Remarkably, the group velocity and corresponding wavelength of outrunning wave systems will become wind speed independent and solely related to the translating velocity. The resulting significant wave height also only weakly depends on wind speed, and more strongly on the translation velocity. Compared to altimeter satellite measurements, the proposed analytical solutions for the wave energy distribution demonstrate convincing agreement. As analytically developed, the wave enhancement criterion can provide a rapid evaluation to document the general characteristics of each storm, especially the expected wavefield asymmetry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simplified wave enhancement criterion for moving extreme events

2015

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“…The dataset used in this study has 12.5 km resolution and covers the ocean surface in two 550 km‐wide swaths. The applicability of ASCAT data to PL studies is discussed by Zabolotskikh et al () and Furevik et al (). Although the satellite orbit goes through the same high‐latitude region several times a day, only a few of the overpasses fully captured the observed shear line.…”

Section: Observational Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of a shear‐line polar low

Sergeev

Renfrew

Spengler

et al. 2016

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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During March 2013 a series of polar lows originated in a high-vorticity (>10−3 s −1 ) shear zone that was associated with a prolonged marine cold-air outbreak over the Norwegian Sea. A detailed analysis of one shear-line polar low at the leading edge of the outbreak is presented using comprehensive observations from a well-instrumented aircraft, dropsondes, scatterometer and CloudSat data, and numerical modelling output from a convection-resolving configuration of the Met Office Unified Model. The maximum low-level wind gradient across the shear line was 25 m s −1 over 50 km. High winds to the north and west were within the cold air mass and were associated with large surface turbulent heat fluxes and convective clouds. Low wind speeds to the south and east of the shear line were associated with low heat fluxes and a clear 'eye' in the polar low. Shear-line meso-gamma-scale instabilities merging into the polar low appeared important to its structure and development. The model captured the shear line and the polar low structure very well-in particular the strength of the horizontal shear and the mesoscale thermodynamic fields. The spatial structure of convective cloud bands around the polar low was simulated reasonably well, but the model significantly underestimated the liquid water content and height of the cloud layers compared to the observations. Shear-line polar lows are relatively common, however this case is arguably the first to be examined with a wide range of in situ and remote observations allied with numerical model output.

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“…Before calculating the fitted coefficients of the model, we must estimate the 6(10) P¯ (P = V, H) with Equation (13) and Equation (17). We first need to calculate the ocean TBs under the calm sea conditions, which are a function of frequency, polarization, incidence angle, SST and salinity.…”

Section: Brightness Temperature 6(10)p¯ Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, the full Mie absorption theory needs to be applied to calculate the atmospheric radiative transfer equation, which requires additional input parameters, such as size and form of the rain drops; however, these parameters are not readily available. Therefore, previous studies have mainly focused on the statistical algorithm for retrieving wind speed under rainy conditions [10,15,17]. …”

Section: Rain Effects On Wind Retrievalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hurricane Wind Speed Estimation Using WindSat 6 and 10 GHz Brightness Temperatures

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The realistic and accurate estimation of hurricane intensity is highly desired in many scientific and operational applications. With the advance of passive microwave polarimetry, an alternative opportunity for retrieving wind speed in hurricanes has become available. A wind speed retrieval algorithm for wind speeds above 20 m/s in hurricanes has been developed by using the 6.8 and 10.7 GHz vertically and horizontally polarized brightness temperatures of WindSat. The WindSat measurements for 15 category 4 and category 5 hurricanes from 2003 to 2010 and the corresponding H*wind analysis data are used to develop and validate the retrieval model. In addition, the retrieved wind speeds are also compared to the Remote Sensing Systems (RSS) global all-weather product and stepped-frequency microwave radiometer (SFMR) measurements. The statistical results show that the mean bias and the overall root-mean-square (RMS) difference of the retrieved wind speeds with respect to the H*wind analysis data are 0.04 and 2.75 m/s, respectively, which provides an encouraging result for retrieving hurricane wind speeds over the ocean surface. The retrieved wind speeds show good agreement with the SFMR measurements. Two case studies demonstrate that the mean bias and RMS difference are 0.79 m/s and 1.79 m/s for hurricane Rita-1 and 0.63 m/s and 2.38 m/s for hurricane Rita-2, respectively. In general, the wind speed retrieval accuracy of the new model in hurricanes ranges from 2.0 m/s in light rain to 3.9 m/s in heavy rain.

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New approach for severe marine weather study using satellite passive microwave sensing

Cited by 59 publications

References 12 publications

A simplified wave enhancement criterion for moving extreme events

A simplified wave enhancement criterion for moving extreme events

Structure of a shear‐line polar low

Hurricane Wind Speed Estimation Using WindSat 6 and 10 GHz Brightness Temperatures

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