New approach to the use of propolis against dermatomycosis

Galinari, Camila Barros; Conrado, Pollyanna Cristina Vincenzi; Sakita, Karina Mayumi; Arita, Gláucia Sayuri; Melo, Raquel Cabral; Capoci, Isis Regina Grenier; Santos, Rafaela Said dos; Bruschi, Marcos Luciano; Kioshima, Érika Seki; Svidzinski, Terezinha Inez Estivalet; Mendonca, Patricia

doi:10.1080/14786419.2021.1973457

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The diameter of the clear zone resulting from ointment increased as the propolis concentration rise from 10% to 15% and 20%. This finding was consistent with the previous publication which reveal that 16% propolis extract significantly reduced the viability of dermatophytosis fungi Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, and Microsporum canis [13]. It suggested that more active Control without treatment propolis 10% Myconazol 2%…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The use of propolis in ointment ingredient for the treatment of dermatophytosis infection

Kusumaningtyas,

Endrawati,

Siswandi

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Dermatophytosis in animals is very important since it is zoonotic. Propolis is a promising natural compound against pathogenic fungi since there is an increasing need to discover less expensive, more natural, and more accessible treatments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate propolis as an anti-dermatophyte and topical drug preparation against Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Propolis was tested for its antifungal properties at various concentrations using the diffusion method. The ointment was applied to the rabbit with dermatophytosis after being prepared by combining the ointment base with 10% propolis. The result demonstrated that propolis was able to inhibit the growth of Trichophyton mentagrophytes which was indicated by a clear zone around the disc. Propolis ointment helped lessen inflammation more than Miconazole 2% at severe lesions, according to in vivo trials on rabbits, while the two ointment’s healing times were nearly identical. According to the findings, propolis is a promising ointment ingredient for the treatment of dermatophytosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The use of propolis in ointment ingredient for the treatment of dermatophytosis infection

Kusumaningtyas,

Endrawati,

Siswandi

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…The ability of various species of fungi to form structures that provide resistance against stressors or toxins in order to mitigate the effects of the host’s immune response is considered an important virulence factor, as it contributes to the process of colonization and infection of the host, may be difficult to treat or may even be removed by surgery [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. Among these are biofilms, through which the fungus produces different types of molecules that help to establish itself on the tissues of the bone.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the particular case of M. canis , the biofilm is made up of a network of organized and cross-linked hyphae, connected by an extracellular matrix of polysaccharides. This physical barrier prevents the entry of antifungals, promotes the development of tolerant cells and decreases the interaction of the fungus with the host’s immune system [ 46 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. Furthermore, the formation of subungual dermatophytomas has been described as thick-walled hyphae masses with conidia that limit the action of antifungals [ 49 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From a different perspective, there are other factors that have been less studied, possibly because their synthesis and/or activity in dermatophytosis caused by M. canis is less common, or since dermatophytosis is not considered a deep mycosis, it does not require other virulence factors. Examples of these are thermotolerance, dermatophytomas, biofilms, and enzymes such as dipeptidylpeptidases, which are relevant for invasion and survival as mechanisms of resistance to the host’s immune system and antifungals [ 1 , 12 , 41 , 42 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remarkable Phenotypic Virulence Factors of Microsporum canis and Their Associated Genes: A Systematic Review

Vite-Garín,

Estrada-Cruz,

Hernández-Castro

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Microsporum canis is a widely distributed dermatophyte, which is among the main etiological agents of dermatophytosis in humans and domestic animals. This fungus invades, colonizes and nourishes itself on the keratinized tissues of the host through various virulence factors. This review will bring together the known information about the mechanisms, enzymes and their associated genes relevant to the pathogenesis processes of the fungus and will provide an overview of those virulence factors that should be better studied to establish effective methods of prevention and control of the disease. Public databases using the MeSH terms “Microsporum canis”, “virulence factors” and each individual virulence factor were reviewed to enlist a series of articles, from where only original works in English and Spanish that included relevant information on the subject were selected. Out of the 147 articles obtained in the review, 46 were selected that reported virulence factors for M. canis in a period between 1988 and 2023. The rest of the articles were discarded because they did not contain information on the topic (67), some were written in different languages (3), and others were repeated in two or more databases (24) or were not original articles (7). The main virulence factors in M. canis are keratinases, fungilisins and subtilisins. However, less commonly reported are biofilms or dipeptidylpeptidases, among others, which have been little researched because they vary in expression or activity between strains and are not considered essential for the infection and survival of the fungus. Although it is known that they are truly involved in resistance, infection and metabolism, we recognize that their study could strengthen the knowledge of the pathogenesis of M. canis with the aim of achieving effective treatments, as well as the prevention and control of infection.

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“…In the present case, we proposed a topical preparation of propolis, with a pharmaceutical formulation in the form of a colorless gel. The active principle was defined based on the excellent results in studies involving PE that proved its efficient fungicidal action [27,29,51]. In the current study, initially, the MIC and MFC for planktonic cells and the MBEC and MBIC for in vitro formed biofilm were determined for both the raw material PE and the PG specially formulated for this patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Propolis Gel on Mature Biofilm Formed by Neocosmospora keratoplastica Isolated from Onychomycosis

Costa

Cruz

Veiga

et al. 2022

JoF

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This article describes Neocosmospora keratoplastica as an etiological onychomycosis agent. Ex vivo studies were initially performed to demonstrate the ability of this species to grow and form a well-organized characteristic biofilm on sterilized healthy nails. Based on the history of excellent results, both for antifungal and antibiofilm, of propolis resin gum, we evaluated its activity using artificially formed biofilm. In vitro, the minimal biofilm eradication concentration of the propolis extract (PE) was 375 µg of total polyphenol content (TPC) per mL, while for the propolis gel (PG) it was 450 µg of TPC per mL. In biofilm exposed to the propolis products, a decrease in hyphae and conidia was evident, accompanied by a disorganization of the extracellular matrix. Additionally, this low concentration of PE was able to significantly reduce the number of colony-forming units and the metabolic activity. Furthermore, the treatment of a 15-year nail infection due to N. keratoplastica was carried out exclusively using a topical treatment with a gel containing propolis (30%) with a daily dosage. This treatment achieved complete remission of the onychomycosis in 12 months. It is important to point out that some inconveniences previously reported by other patients treated with propolis extract were eliminated, increasing adherence to treatment.

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New approach to the use of propolis against dermatomycosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

The use of propolis in ointment ingredient for the treatment of dermatophytosis infection

The use of propolis in ointment ingredient for the treatment of dermatophytosis infection

Remarkable Phenotypic Virulence Factors of Microsporum canis and Their Associated Genes: A Systematic Review

Efficacy of Propolis Gel on Mature Biofilm Formed by Neocosmospora keratoplastica Isolated from Onychomycosis

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