New approaches in quartz-enhanced photoacoustic sensing

Sampaolo, Angelo; Patimisco, Pietro; Pennetta, Riccardo; Scamarcio, Gaetano; Tittel, Frank K.; Spagnolo, Vincenzo

doi:10.1117/12.2083714

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The prong length l , width w , thickness t , and prong spacing g of the custom QTF are 9.4 mm, 2 mm, 0.25 mm, and 0.8 mm, respectively, as shown in Figure A, which were determined based on the following design consideration. According to the Euler–Bernoulli model, ,, the fundamental resonance frequency f of the QTF is related to its geometric parameters, which is given by the following: where E is the elastic Young modulus of the quartz (0.72 × 10 11 N/m 2 ) and ρ is the density of the quartz (2,650 kg/m 3 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Otherwise it can cause a reduction of the photoacoustic signal when using QEPAS to detect molecules with a slow Vibration-Translation (V-T) relaxation, such as CO. ,− Therefore, QTF customization by varying the prong’s geometry and size, is very useful for QEPAS sensing in different application scenarios. The biggest challenge in the design is to obtain a high-quality factor QTF with low electrical resistance and resonance frequency, due to the fact that these features are related to QEPAS detection performance, as demonstrated in several publications. − …”

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confidence: 99%

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Ppb-Level Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Detection of Carbon Monoxide Exploiting a Surface Grooved Tuning Fork

Dong

et al. 2019

Anal. Chem.

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A compact and sensitive carbon monoxide (CO) sensor was demonstrated by using quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) exploiting a novel 15.2 kHz quartz tuning fork (QTF) with grooved surfaces. The custom QTF was designed to provide a quality factor as high as 15 000 at atmospheric pressure, which offers a high detection sensitivity. A large QTF prong spacing of 800 μm was selected, allowing one to avoid the use of any spatial filters when employing a quantum cascade laser as the excitation source. Four rectangular grooves were carved on two prong surfaces of the QTF to decrease the electrical resistance and hence enhance the signal amplitude. With water vapor as the catalyst for vibrational energy transfer, the sensor system using the novel surface grooved QTF achieved a CO minimum detection limit of 7 ppb for a 300 ms averaging time, which corresponds to a normalized noise equivalent absorption coefficient of 8.74 × 10–9 cm–1W /√Hz. Continuous measurements covering a seven-day period for atmospheric CO were implemented to verify the reliability and validity of the developed CO sensor system.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ppb-Level Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Detection of Carbon Monoxide Exploiting a Surface Grooved Tuning Fork

Dong

et al. 2019

Anal. Chem.

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“…The electro-elastic properties of all first generation of custom QTF were summarized and reported by Patimisco in 2016 [ 58 ]. The performance of several custom QTFs with different sizes was analyzed and reported by Sampaolo [ 59 ], Tittel [ 60 ], and Spagnolo [ 61 ]. There are six types of QTFs in the first-generation custom QTFs, whose parameters are listed in Table 1 .…”

Section: Custom Qtf-based Admmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic Detection Module Design of a Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Sensor

Wei

Tittel

2019

Sensors

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This review aims to discuss the latest advancements of an acoustic detection module (ADM) based on quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS). Starting from guidelines for the design of an ADM, the ADM design philosophy is described. This is followed by a review of the earliest standard quartz tuning fork (QTF)-based ADM for laboratory applications. Subsequently, the design of industrial fiber-coupled and free-space ADMs based on a standard QTF for near-infrared and mid-infrared laser sources respectively are described. Furthermore, an overview of the latest development of a QEPAS ADM employing a custom QTF is reported. Numerous application examples of four QEPAS ADMs are described in order to demonstrate their reliability and robustness.

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