New biomarkers for acute renal injury

Abstract

Incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasing rapidly to epidemic proportions. Development of AKI, especially in intensive care settings, is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and hospitalization costs. Currently available diagnostic tools are mostly insensitive for early diagnosis, however prompt diagnosis and risk stratification are necessary for guiding therapy and preventing progression of disease. Finding an early, reliable, suitable, easily reproducible, economical and accurate biomarker for AKI is a top research priority. In recent years, many urinary and serum proteins have been investigated as possible early markers of AKI and some of them have shown great promise. This topic reviews some of the emerging biomarkers of AKI.

Effect of High-Dose Erythropoietin on Graft Function after Kidney Transplantation

“…Biomarkers have shown great promise in the early prediction of AKI with high sensitivity (16). Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and IL-18 predicted AKI soon after cardiac surgery and DGF very soon after kidney transplantation (17)(18)(19).…”

Early Urinary Biomarkers of Warm and Cold Ischemic Injury in an Experimental Kidney Model

“…Furthermore, they may be used to predict graft function and allow patients to be treated accordingly. Many potential biomarkers have been identified but none have been used to determine the degree of injury in relation to the warm and cold ischemic interval [9]. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a collective group of urinary biomarkers measuring inflammation, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa), endothelial cell injury, endothelin-1 (ET-1), and acute kidney injury, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in the early phase of reperfusion using an ex vivo porcine kidney model of the heart beating and DCD donor.…”

Role of markers for acute kidney injury in surgical management of patients with renal cancer

“…В то же время применение этой шкалы не предполагает про-ведения оценки функционального состояния почечной паренхимы, которое в конечном счете может оказаться критически важным с точки зрения возможности раз-вития почечной недостаточности в раннем послеопе-рационном периоде. Ранние признаки метаболической дисфункции почки регистрируются с помощью опре-деления в моче современных маркеров: цистатина С, липокалина-2 (NGAL), белка КИМ-1, L-FABР, интер-лейкина 18 (ИЛ-18) [6].…”