New bounds on dark matter coupling from a global network of optical atomic clocks

Wcisło, Piotr; Ablewski, P.; Beloy, K.; Bilicki, S.; Bober, Marcin; Brown, Richard Harvey; Fasano, R.; Ciuryło, R.; Hachisu, Hidekazu; Ido, T.; Lodewyck, Jérôme; Ludlow, Andrew D.; McGrew, William F.; Morzynski, P.; Nicolodi, Daniele; Schioppo, M.; Sekido, Mamoru; Targat, Rodolphe Le; Wolf, Peter; Zhang, X.; Zjawin, B.; Zawada, M.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aau4869

Cited by 141 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(102 reference statements)

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“…In the case of domain walls, existing ground-based laser interferometers are particularly sensitive to domain walls with transverse sizes of up to several km, offering a sensitivity of up to 8 orders of magnitude beyond all other existing experiments and measurements [10,[55][56][57][58]. The Fermilab holometer, with its two co-located Michelson interferometers, and especially a global network of laser interferometers would benefit from their ability to disentangle correlated domain-wall-induced signatures from uncorrelated noise sources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel signatures of dark matter in laser-interferometric gravitational-wave detectors

Grote

Stadnik

2019

Phys. Rev. Research

134

117

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Dark matter may induce apparent temporal variations in the physical "constants", including the electromagnetic fine-structure constant and fermion masses. In particular, a coherently oscillating classical dark-matter field may induce apparent oscillations of physical constants in time, while the passage of macroscopic dark-matter objects (such as topological defects) may induce apparent transient variations in the physical constants. In this paper, we point out several new signatures of the aforementioned types of dark matter that can arise due to the geometric asymmetry created by the beam-splitter in a two-arm laser interferometer. These new signatures include dark-matter-induced time-varying size changes of a freely-suspended beam-splitter and associated time-varying shifts of the main reflecting surface of the beam-splitter that splits and recombines the laser beam, as well as time-varying refractive-index changes in the freely-suspended beam-splitter and time-varying size changes of freely-suspended arm mirrors. We demonstrate that existing ground-based experiments already have sufficient sensitivity to probe extensive regions of unconstrained parameter space in models involving oscillating scalar dark-matter fields and domain walls composed of scalar fields. In the case of oscillating dark-matter fields, Michelson interferometers -in particular, the GEO 600 detector -are especially sensitive. The sensitivity of Fabry-Perot-Michelson interferometers, including LIGO, VIRGO and KAGRA, to oscillating dark-matter fields can be significantly increased by making the thicknesses of the freely-suspended Fabry-Perot arm mirrors different in the two arms. Not-too-distantly-separated laser interferometers can benefit from cross-correlation measurements in searches for effects of spatially coherent dark-matter fields. In addition to broadband searches for oscillating dark-matter fields, we also discuss how small-scale Michelson interferometers could be used to perform resonant narrowband searches for oscillating dark-matter fields with enhanced sensitivity to dark matter. Finally, we discuss the possibility of using future space-based detectors, such as LISA, to search for dark matter via time-varying size changes of and time-varying forces exerted on freely-floating test masses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The region in grey denotes existing model-independent constraints from astrophysical observations [55] and short-range tests of gravity [55,56]. The regions in yellow denote existing constraints from domain-wall searches using a pair of co-located clocks referenced to a common cavity [10] and via networks of clocks [57,58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel signatures of dark matter in laser-interferometric gravitational-wave detectors

Grote

Stadnik

2019

Phys. Rev. Research

134

117

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“…Therefore our technique opens the possibility to reach an unexplored region of the parameter space. Finally we also showed that the time delay is measurable for d up to the solar system scale ≡ 10 12 m. However, the strong constraints of [18] and [3,19] along with the models of cosmic evolution rule out the existence of domain walls of large thickness.…”

Section: Quantitative Estimationmentioning

confidence: 62%

Tests of Fundamental Physics From the Propagation of GNSS Signals

Bertrand

Defraigne

2019

2019 Joint Conference of the IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and European Frequency and Time Forum (EFTF/IFC)

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This paper introduces new tests of fundamental physics by means of the analysis of disturbances on the GNSS signal propagation. We show how the GNSS signals are sensitive to a space variation of the fine structure constant α in a generic framework of effective scalar field theories beyond the Standard Model. This effective variation may originate from the crossing of the RF signals with dark matter clumps and/or solitonic structures. At the macroscopic scale, the subsequent disturbances are equivalent to those which occur during the propagation in an inhomogeneous medium. We thus propose an interpretation of the "measure" of the vacuum permeability as a test of fundamental physics. We show the relevance of our approach by a first quantification of the expected signature in a simple model of a variation of α according to a planar geometry. We use a test-bed model of domain walls for that purpose and focus on the measurable time delay in the GNSS signal carrier.

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“…9 along with existing constraints. This discovery reach includes the possibility of multiple DM interaction events occurring within the time window of the search, which results in a sensitivity that is comparable to that of optical clocks [23,38]. Notice that the projected sensitivity reach in Fig.…”

Section: B Projected Sensitivity and Discovery Reachmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The shaded blue regions are the constraints coming from astrophysics [44] while the salmon shaded regions are the constraints placed by previous work from the GPS.DM collaboration [14]. The green shaded region contains the constraints placed by optical clock experiments [23], while the yellow region contains the constraints from a global terrestrial network of laboratory clocks [15].…”

Section: B Projected Sensitivity and Discovery Reachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying the matched-filter technique to the search for dark matter transients with networks of quantum sensors

Panelli

Roberts

Derevianko

2020

EPJ Quantum Technol.

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There are several networks of precision quantum sensors in existence, including networks of atomic clocks, magnetometers, and gravitational wave detectors. These networks can be re-purposed for searches of exotic physics, such as direct dark matter searches. Here we explore a detection strategy for macroscopic dark matter objects with such networks using the matched-filter technique. Such "clumpy" dark matter objects would register as transients sweeping through the network at galactic velocities. As a specific example, we consider a network of atomic clocks aboard the Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites. We apply the matched-filter technique to simulated GPS atomic clock data and study its utility and performance. The analysis and the developed methodology have a wide applicability to other networks of quantum sensors.

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New bounds on dark matter coupling from a global network of optical atomic clocks

Abstract: The first Earth-scale quantum sensor network based on optical atomic clocks is looking for dark matter candidates.

Cited by 141 publications

References 39 publications

Novel signatures of dark matter in laser-interferometric gravitational-wave detectors

Novel signatures of dark matter in laser-interferometric gravitational-wave detectors

Tests of Fundamental Physics From the Propagation of GNSS Signals

Applying the matched-filter technique to the search for dark matter transients with networks of quantum sensors

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