New Computer-Based Technology to Teach Peak Performance in Musicians

EEG-neurofeedback for optimising performance. III: A review of methodological and theoretical considerations

“…Protocol Cognitive/affective CNS Landers et al (1991) Left temporal temporal slowing Archery skill - Hanslmayer et al (2006) Alpha 2 Mental rotation (r) Tonic EEG Berner et al (2006) SMR Declarative memory r with NREM spindle frequency Spindles NREM Bazanova et al (2007) Alpha 2 Music performance Alpha suppression -Cortico-spinal excitability (r) intracortical inhibition tonic EEG SMR Cortico-spinal excitability (r) tonic EEG Ros et al (2013) Alpha suppression Mind wandering (r) Salience network and default mode network connectivity (r) Kluetsch et al (2014) Alpha suppression Calmness (r) Salience network and default mode network connectivity (r) Reiner et al (2014) Posterior theta Procedural learning (r) - Ros et al (2014) Alpha suppression Implicit memory procedural learning and indeed participants in one study experienced the same level of relaxation as the experimental group despite non-contingency of reward and without the enhancement of the theta/alpha ratio (Egner et al, 2002). Despite the potential limitation of risking motivation pseudo feedback has been used effectively with faster-wave protocols.…”

“…Klimesch has promoted an individual adjusted frequency method which has been adopted in some neurofeedback studies (e.g., Bazanova et al, 2007;Raymond et al, 2005a,b). While Escolano et al (2011) adjusted the upper-alpha band each day in a study of five consecutive daily sessions.…”

Comments for Current Interpretation EEG Alpha Activity: A Review and Analysis

“…So it could be proposed that activation magnitude varies in dependent on cognitive task difficulties. Increasing of the taskrelated relative activation magnitude varies on the intraindividuall level and particularly associates with reaction time [47] and psychomotor task performance skill [48]. Amount of alpha suppression in response to eyes open increases with maturation and decreases after 40 years old [23], depends on the neurohumoral status [27,49] and even eyes movement direction [50].…”

“…For example, Individual alpha band width is wider in highly-skilled professional musicians than in non-musicians [6], and positively correlated with the overall Torrance creativity coefficient and flexibility in creative task performance [7], academic achievements [18] and biofeedback training efficiency [48].…”

“…It has been shown that longer spindles indicate a more relaxed state [76]. The spindle lifetime is correlated with fluency in cognitive task performance [7], and efficiency of the single biofeedback training session [32,48]. Additionally, alpha-spindles are longer in highly-skilled musicians than in amateurs [32].…”