New developments in mobile air conditioning systems in China

Chen, Jiangping; Zhao, Yangping; Qi, Zhaogang

doi:10.1007/s11708-010-0137-3

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…R1234yf has excellent environmental characteristics, which can be seen in Table 1 [2]. Chen et al [3] showed that it has similar performance characteristics to R134a by evaluating the current state in China. Some experimental studies compared using these two refrigerants in mobile air conditioners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

R1234yf and R744 as alternatives to R134a at mobile air conditioners

Onan

Erdem

2021

Journal of Energy Systems

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R1234yf is a synthetic HFO refrigerant co-developed as a replacement refrigerant for R134a in automotive air conditioning applications. Thus, in this study, alternatives to the R134a refrigerant that were removed from the newly produced devices were examined. The performance of the cooling processes of R1234yf and R744 refrigerant gases was compared with that of R134a. A simulation model was first developed. This simulation model was validated with experimental results. Analysis was conducted for both cooling and heating modes. In the case of cooling, evaporation temperature was 5 °C–7.5 °C, condenser, or gas cooler outlet temperature was 35 °C–50 °C and the cooling load was 10 kW. In heating mode, evaporation temperature was −4 °C–12 °C, condenser, or gas cooler outlet temperature was 45 °C–50 °C and the heating load was 13.5 kW. The results were analyzed in terms of the coefficient of performance (COP), compressor power consumption, and compressor discharge temperature. In terms of COP and compressor power consumption, R134a gave the best results in all cases. R1234yf gave the closest results to R134a. In terms of compressor discharge temperature, which affects the lifetime and lubrication quality of the compressor, R1234yf gave the lowest temperatures in all cases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

R1234yf and R744 as alternatives to R134a at mobile air conditioners

Onan

Erdem

2021

Journal of Energy Systems

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“…Farrington and Rugh [9] showed that an increase of the accessory load from 500 W to 3500 W will cause an EV range to decrease by 7 to 38%. Chen et al [10] noticed that total millage of an EV is decreased up to 50% when AC is on, making the vehicle not feasible for long journey transportation. Figure 1 shows the effect of HVAC system to the cruising range of the EVs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Parametric Study of Cooling Loads Characteristics for Automotive Air-Conditioning System

Sukri

Musa

Senawi

et al. 2016

AMM

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This paper presents a steady-state modeling and parametric study on the characteristics of cooling loads for an automotive air-conditioning system. The model enables the hourly prediction of vehicular cabin cooling load profile at various operating conditions and types of vehicle. The model utilizes correlations and equations proposed by ASHRAE and previous researchers available in the open literature. A validation exercise indicates that the simulation results are within 5% of published results. In the parametric study, the effects of five parameters: vehicle surface color, number of passenger, cabin temperature, vehicle speed and angle of front wind screen on the hourly cooling load profile on a daily basis are investigated. It was found that an increase in number of passenger and vehicle speed, darker vehicle surface color and lower cabin temperature will increase the cooling load. Meanwhile, the angle of front wind screen does not significantly influence the cooling load profile. In conclusion, the cooling loads profile can be used for air-conditioning system improvement/optimization exercise. The generic model can be used for complete vehicle air-conditioning simulation program towards energy-efficient air-conditioning system for better overall performance, especially in the early stage of vehicle development.

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“…According to Kwon et al (2012a), the EV driving range is approximately 140-160 km on a single charge; however, if the HVAC is turned on, this range is reduced by 20 to 30 %. Chen et al (2011) observed that the total mileage of an EV decreases by 50 % when the A/C is on, making the vehicle impractical for city transportation. AAC cooling loads are the most significant auxiliary loads (Zhang et al 2009;Kaushik et al 2011), so the AAC system has to consume energy efficiently to minimize the reduction in the cruising range when the AAC system is turned on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving a better energy-efficient automotive air-conditioning system: a review of potential technologies and strategies for vapor compression refrigeration cycle

et al. 2015

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This article presents a review of potential technologies and strategies to develop an energyefficient automotive air-conditioner based on the vapor-compression refrigeration cycle system. This paper is broadly divided into two sections. The first is a review of component optimization (primary and secondary components) that enhances the energy efficiency of the automotive air-conditioning (AAC) system. The second presents a review of operational management and control that efficiently consumes energy in operating the AAC system while maintaining vehicular thermal comfort satisfaction. Some of the technologies and strategies described in this article are still conceptual and are the subject of ongoing research. However, the growing demand to reduce energy consumption by developing a new AAC system has led to an increasing number of related studies aimed at generating alternative conventional systems in the near future. Keywords Automotive air-conditioning system . Efficient component . Energy efficiency improvement . Operational management Nomenclature A/C Air-conditioning AAC Automotive air-conditioning CRC Conventional refrigerant cycle DEAC Dual-evaporator air-conditioning DX Direct expansion EEV Electronic expansion valve EV Electric vehicle EVDC Externally controlled variable capacity compressor FCC Fixed capacity compressor FDC Fixed displacement compressor FSTPID Fuzzy self-tuning proportional integral derivative HVAC Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning MEC Modified ejector cycle RV Revolving vane SC Standard cycle SEC Standard ejector cycle TEV Thermostatic expansion valve TPERC Two-phase ejector refrigerant cycle VAV Variable air volume VCC Variable capacity compressor VCR Vapor compression refrigeration Energy Efficiency

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New developments in mobile air conditioning systems in China

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

R1234yf and R744 as alternatives to R134a at mobile air conditioners

R1234yf and R744 as alternatives to R134a at mobile air conditioners

Modeling and Parametric Study of Cooling Loads Characteristics for Automotive Air-Conditioning System

Achieving a better energy-efficient automotive air-conditioning system: a review of potential technologies and strategies for vapor compression refrigeration cycle

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