New Glycerol Tables<sup>1</sup>

Bosart, L. W.; Snoddy, A. O.

doi:10.1021/ie50208a030

Cited by 44 publications

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“…Gelsema, De Ligny and Van der Veen (1978) demonstrated by emf studies that the pK, values of acetic acid (pK, 4.76) and propionic acid (pK, 4.87) at 25°C increased by 0.66 and 0.73 units respectively in 60% w/w glycerol, and 0.53 and 0.57 units respectively in 60% w/w sucrose. Thus, at constant pH, the proportion of undissociated to dissociated molecules for both acids increased with increasing concentration of non-aqueous solvent and hence decreasing a,,,.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Following its early application to low pH foods (Sheneman & Costilow, 1955), sorbic acid is being used increasingly as one of the numerous 'hurdles' employed in the preservation of intermediate moisture foods (Haas et al, 1975;Raevuori, 1976;Roberts, Gibson & Robinson, 1982;Tompkin et al, 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In common with other carboxylic acid food preservatives, the antimicrobial activity of sorbic acid is dependent upon the undissociated molecule (Freese & Levin, 1978). Thus a prerequisite for its use is a knowledge of the pH of the food and pK, of the acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Literature values for the pK, of sorbic acid in water, though varying considerably, appear to originate from the determination by Ostwald (1889) of the dissociation constant as 1.73X low5 mol drn-3 (equivalent to pK, 4.76). There are no literature values for the dissociation constant of sorbic acid in systems in which other solutes are present in the water, for example, in water-glycerol mixtures which we have used as model systems of low, known water activity (Ison & Harrigan, 1981). Recently, Strong, Kinney & Fischer (1979) have shown that the pK, values for a wide range of substituted benzoic acids (pK,-4.2) can be obtained from conductance measurements on dilute aqueous solutions of the acids alone, without the necessity for making additional measurements on solutions of a salt of the acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissociation constant of sorbic acid in water and water‐glycerol mixtures at 25°C from conductance measurements

Pethybridge

Ison

Harrigan

1983

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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Molar conductivities of dilute solutions of sorbic acid in water, and in the mixed solvents water +lo, 20,30,40 and 50% glycerol by mass at 25°C are reported. The results have been analysed with the Pitts conductance equation and pK, values for sorbic acid in these solvent mixtures are tabulated. Similar data for sorbic acid in water+30% glycerol at 10°C are also included. The implications of the results for the role of sorbic acid in food preservation are discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dissociation constant of sorbic acid in water and water‐glycerol mixtures at 25°C from conductance measurements

Pethybridge

Ison

Harrigan

1983

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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“…ρ fluid . The densities of glycerin and water are, respectively, ρ gly =1250 kg/m 3 and ρ water =1000 kg/m 3 [ Bosart and Snoddy , ]. With a relative uncertainty on ρ estimated around 1%, the relative uncertainty of the product ρ V 2 is about 2%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion and attenuation measurements of the elastic moduli of a dual‐porosity limestone

et al. 2017

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The dispersion and the attenuation of the elastic moduli of a Lavoux limestone have been measured over a large frequency range: 10−3 Hz to 101 Hz and 1 MHz. The studied sample comes from a Dogger outcrop of Paris Basin and has the particularity to have a bimodal porosity distribution, with an equal proportion of intragranular microporosity and intergranular macroporosity. In addition to ultrasonic measurements, two different stress‐strain methods have been used in a triaxial cell to derive all the elastic moduli at various differential pressures. The first method consists of hydrostatic stress oscillations (f∈[0.004;0.4] Hz), using the confining pressure pump, from which the bulk modulus was deduced. The second method consists of axial oscillations (f∈[0.01;10] Hz), using a piezoelectric oscillator on top of the sample, from which Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio were deduced. With the assumption of an isotropic medium, the bulk modulus (K) and the shear modulus (G) can also be computed from the axial oscillations. The sample was studied under dry, glycerin‐ and water‐saturated conditions, in order to scale frequency by the viscosity of the fluid. Results show a dispersion at around 200 Hz for water‐saturated conditions, affecting all the moduli except the shear modulus. This dispersion is related to the drained/undrained transition, and the bulk modulus deduced from the axial and hydrostatic oscillations are consistent with each other and with Biot‐Gassmann's equations. No dispersion has been detected beyond that frequency. This was interpreted as the absence of squirt flow or local diffusion between the microporous oolites and the macropores.

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Glycerol

Morrison

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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GLYCEROL , propane-1,2,3,-triol, glycerin (USP), a trihydric alcohol, is a clear, water-white, viscous, sweet-tasting hygroscopic liquid at ordinary room temperatures above its melting point. Glycerol was first discovered in 1779 by Scheele, who heated a mixture of litharge and olive oil and extracted it with water. Glycerol occurs naturally in combined form as glycerides in all animal and vegetable fats and oils, and is recovered, as a by-product when these oils are saponified in the process of manufacturing soap, when the fats are split in the production of fatty acids, or when fats are esterified with methanol in the production of methyl esters. Since 1949 it has also been produced commercially by synthesis from propylene [115-07-1]. The latter currently accounts for ca 30% of United States production.The uses of glycerol number in the thousands, with large amounts going into the manufacture of drugs, cosmetics, toothpastes, urethane foam, synthetic resins, and ester gums. Tobacco processing and foods also consume large amounts either as glycerol or glycerides. 1 2 GL YCEROLby the names 2-aceto-3-palmito-1-stearin,-2-aceto-3-stearo-1-palmitin, and 3-palmito-1-stearo-2-acetin. Any one of the three acids can be given the -in termination; if possible, this acid receives the locant 1. The other acids are cited in alphabetical order (regardless of carbon content) and numbered, if there is a choice, to give the lowest possible numbering (see also Carboxylic acids; Esters, organic). PropertiesPhysical properties of glycerol are shown in Table 1. Glycerol is completely soluble in water and alcohol, slightly soluble in diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, and dioxane, and insoluble in hydrocarbons (1). Glycerol is seldom seen in the crystallized state because of its tendency to supercool and its pronounced freezing point depression when mixed with water. A mixture of 66.7% glycerol, 33.3% water forms a eutectic mixture with a freezing point of −46.5 • C .Glycerol, the simplest trihydric alcohol, forms esters, ethers, halides, amines, aldehydes, and such unsaturated compounds as acrolein (qv). As an alcohol, glycerol also has the ability to form salts such as sodium glyceroxide (see also Alcohols, polyhydric).

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New Glycerol Tables¹

Cited by 44 publications

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Dissociation constant of sorbic acid in water and water‐glycerol mixtures at 25°C from conductance measurements

Dissociation constant of sorbic acid in water and water‐glycerol mixtures at 25°C from conductance measurements

Dispersion and attenuation measurements of the elastic moduli of a dual‐porosity limestone

Glycerol

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New Glycerol Tables1

Cited by 44 publications

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Dissociation constant of sorbic acid in water and water‐glycerol mixtures at 25°C from conductance measurements

Dissociation constant of sorbic acid in water and water‐glycerol mixtures at 25°C from conductance measurements

Dispersion and attenuation measurements of the elastic moduli of a dual‐porosity limestone

Glycerol

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

New Glycerol Tables¹