In this work, the surface plasmon resonance effect of metallic Ag, surface oxygen vacancies (SOVs), and Bi 2 MoO 6 (BMO) material werer ationally combined to construct new oxygen-vacancy-rich Ag/Bi 2 MoO 6 (A/BMO-SOVs) photocatalysts. Their synergistic effect on the photocatalytic degradation of phenol and4 -nitrophenol under visible-light irradiation (l ! 420 nm) was also investigated. TEM, EPR, and Raman spectra demonstrate the co-existence of metallicA g nanoparticles, surface oxygen vacancies, and Bi 2 MoO 6 due to ac ontrolled calcination process. The experimental results disclose that the 2%A/BMO-SOVs-375 sample exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity for the degradation of both phenol and 4-nitrophenol under visible-light irradiation, achieving nearly 100 and 80 %r emoval efficiency,r espectively, and demonstrated the apparent reactionr ate constants (k app )1 83 and 26.5 times, respectively,h ighert han that of pure Bi 2 MoO 6 .T he remarkable photodegradation performance of A/BMO-SOVs for organic substances is attributed to the synergistic effect between the surface oxygen vacancies, metallic Ag nanoparticles, and Bi 2 MoO 6 ,w hich not only improves the visible-light response ability,but also facilitates charge separation. Thus, this work provides an effective strategy forthe design and fabrication of highly efficient photocatalysts through integrating surface oxygen vacancies and the surfacep lasmon resonance effect of nanoparticles, which has the potential for both water treatment and air purification.