New Insights About Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract

The worsening worldwide trend toward nutritional insufficiency and the emerging knowledge of the nonhormonal actions of vitamin D and its metabolites have increased interest in the synthesis, metabolism, and action of vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked with hypertension, myocardial infarction, and stroke, as well as other cardiovascular-related diseases, such as diabetes, congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, atherosclerosis, and endothelial dysfunction. This review discusses the physiology and definition of vitamin D deficiency, evaluates the worldwide prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, and discusses recent evidence for the association between hypovitaminosis D and cardiovascular disease. Few randomized, controlled trials have evaluated the effect of vitamin D replacement on cardiovascular outcomes, and the results have been inconclusive or contradictory. Carefully designed randomized, controlled trials are essential to evaluate the role of vitamin D supplementation in reducing cardiovascular disease.

Major Electrocardiographic Abnormalities and 25‐Hydroxy Vitamin D Deficiency: Insights from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey‐III

“…32 In this context, our findings assume particular relevance as they were derived from a relatively healthy disease-free cohort after rigorous exclusion of individuals with confounding comorbidities.…”

Nutritional aspects and vitamin D supplementation in ankylosing spondylitis

“…The classical risk factors for CVD are diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, body mass Index (BMI), sedentary lifestyle, chronic inflammation and taking DMARDs 77,78 . Recent data, showed that deficiency of vitamin D is related to the poor endothelial function and the development of atherosclerotic plate, leading to an additional burden factor for CVD in the population 79 . According to the above, and considering the aggravating role of vitamin D on systemic inflammation, we could argue that people with AS which have deficiency in vitamin D have higher possibility to be diseased with CVD compared to the general population.…”

Cuantificación De Vitamina D: De La Investigación a La Práctica Clínica

“…Durante las dos últimas décadas, un gran número de estudios se han centrado en investigar las funciones biológicas de la VD y su nivel sanguíneo óptimo, encontrando una correlación positiva entre la deficiencia de VD con los tres problemas de salud más prevalentes en el mundo: enfermedad cardiovascular, cáncer y enfermedades respiratorias (7)(8)(9). Aunque anteriormente se consideró que la deficiencia de esta vitamina era un problema común sólo de los países que carecían de un clima soleado la mayor parte del año, los resultados de investigación confirman cada vez más que la deficiencia de VD es un problema de salud pública (10), incluso en países que disfrutan de una temperatura cálida la mayor parte del año (11).…”