New Insights into Proppant-Pack Damage Due to Infiltration of Formation
Fines

Blauch, Matt; Weaver, Jimmie D.; Parker, Mark; Todd, Brad; Glover, Mark

doi:10.2523/56833-ms

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…There are three main mechanisms which contribute to pore bridging. The first mechanism is mono-particle bridging (size exclusion), which is not considered by Chauveteau et al 12 , but affirmed by Blauch et al 13 . The (three-particle-bridging), the second mechanism, occurs when a particle attaches itself to two previously deposited particles.…”

Section: Static Filtration Testsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Visual Observation of Produced Water Re-Injection Under Laboratory Conditions

2001

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TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractProduced water re-injection is one of the most attractive produced water disposal methods both economically and environmentally, especially for offshore rigs. However, the main problem associated with PWRI is the unpredictable nature of injectivity decline.In this paper a few of the basic experimental techniques used in assessing the damage inflicted upon sandstone samples are reviewed. Also a new experimental design is proposed, that is believed to add further insight to the ongoing research in this topic.

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Section: Static Filtration Testsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Visual Observation of Produced Water Re-Injection Under Laboratory Conditions

2001

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“…This interface acts like a filter, preventing fines from the formation from invading the proppant pack, resulting in a sustained effective fracture width. 6,7 …”

Section: Non-hardening Resinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustaining Fracture Conductivity

et al. 2005

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TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractThe industry has developed standard methods to effectively evaluate the propping agents used in hydraulic fracturing operations. The understanding gained from the consistant application of the methods has greatly helped to optimize productivity.of hydraulicly fractured wells.This paper presents two mechanisms that may significantly increase the understanding of how to optimize fracture conductivity to sustain productivity. The standard methods use well "aged" (passive) proppant and simulated formation materials; whereas, in practice, formation faces are highly activated as an immediate result of mechanical fracturing, as is a significant portion of the pumped proppant.The chemistry that occurs at freshly exposed mineral surfaces is different than that of the aged surfaces used in the laboratory. For example, condensation of polymers on freshly generated surfaces may result in polymer chains becoming anchored to the surface. This anchoring prevents some polymer from being removed by normal gel-breaking mechanisms and forms points of attraction for the collection of broken polymer and fines debris, leading to significant permeability damage and reduced fluid recovery.After a treatment when pressure is relieved and well clean-up begins, temperature and stress gradients are high; significant crushing of proppant and formation material may occur as a packed fracture moves toward an equilibrium condition. The presence of hHigh-ionic-strength fracturing fluids, particularly at high pH, may promote a rapid mineral diagenesis-type reaction that leads to proppant compaction, embedment, and crystalline overgrowth permeability damage.This paper provides laboratory and field data supporting the conclusion that the application of a thin, highly dielectric, polymer film to coat proppant can result in a long-term reduction in mineral dissolution rate, compaction, embedment, and polymer anchoring sites. Field data shows this effect has a dramatic improvement in fracturing fluid recovery and well productivity.

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“…Previous work had suggested that these techniques could reduce sharply the potential damage associated with formation material entering the proppant pack. 7 In the current study, a test series was conducted to evaluate the effects of using liquid coatings on proppant under extreme conductivity testing conditions. Field results are analyzed to help support the data obtained from coating of SMA on proppant.…”

Section: Crmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing Effective Proppant Permeability under High-Stress, High Gas-Rate Conditions

Dusterhoft

Nguyen

Conway³

2004

SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition

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TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractWork reported in this paper shows that fracture-pack permeability and conductivity are impacted by the mobility of formation-generated fines plugging under high-stress and high gas flow-rate conditions. The authors examine two approaches to (1) prevent formation fines from entering the proppant pack and (2) provide higher sustained fracture-pack permeability and conductivity under severe production conditions. The paper further shows that significant improvements can be obtained in both the short term and the long term, and how these improvements can be used to provide sustained gas production.The results of laboratory testing are reviewed in detail, including the mechanisms by which fines are immobilized and the conductivity is maintained. The mechanisms involve an on-the-fly, direct coating of proppant with surfacemodification agents (SMA) just before the proppant is blended with the carrier fluid. The chemical properties of the SMA can be varied widely to meet downhole conditions and production flow rates. The treatment renders the formation sand and fines immobile so that migration and plugging do not occur. In addition to fines stabilization, SMA can be formulated using liquid resin to consolidate the proppant pack, making it useful in controlling proppant flowback at high production rates, and in providing long-term pack stability. The effects of non-darcy flow are also examined and compared to baseline data.Field studies are reviewed to evaluate how actual productivity can be affected, both short-term and long-term, by controlling fines damage to provide long-term fracture conductivity.

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New Insights into Proppant-Pack Damage Due to Infiltration of Formation Fines

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Visual Observation of Produced Water Re-Injection Under Laboratory Conditions

Visual Observation of Produced Water Re-Injection Under Laboratory Conditions

Sustaining Fracture Conductivity

Maximizing Effective Proppant Permeability under High-Stress, High Gas-Rate Conditions

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