New Lecithin Organogels from Lecithin/Polyglycerol/Oil Systems

Highly Viscoelastic Reverse Wormlike Micellar Systems from a Mixture of Lecithin, Polyglycerol Fatty Acid Monoesters, and an Oil

“…This can be explained by the formation of mixed micelles composed of lecithin and PGLFA: that is, PGLFA with a lower HLB value facilitates the formation of mixed micelles with lecithin in oil. The Om regions of the lecithin/PGLFA/n-decane systems are larger than those of lecithin/PGL/n-decane systems 16 , as expected, given that PGLFAs are less hydrophilic than PGLs because of the hydrocarbon chain in PGLFA. Here, we would like to consider why the reverse micelle changes from a spherical to a wormlike or a disk-like shape.…”

“…The further addition of PGLFA resulted in the transparent solution becoming opaque. The Om regions and highly viscous regions of the lecithin/PGLFA/n-decane systems were significantly larger than those of the lecithin/PGL/n-decane systems we previously reported 16 , for reasons discussed below. Figure 2 shows the appearance of solutions changing from a viscous body to a highly viscoelastic body, using the lecithin/PGL10FA10/n-decane system as an example.…”

“…Figure 5 shows the relationship between steady-flow viscosity and shear-rate for the lecithin/PGL10FA14/n-decane system as an example. Most reverse wormlike micellar systems, such as lecithin/water/ oil 3 , lecithin/glycerol/oil 8 , lecithin/urea/oil 13 , lecithin/D-ribose/oil 15 , lecithin/polyglycerol/oil 16 , lecithin/ascorbic acid/ oil 17 , and lecithin/multivalent carboxylic acid/oil 18 , exhibit shear-thinning , and their viscosity decreases at high shear-rate. Shear-thinning is due to the transient three-dimensional network structure, which consists of reverse wormlike micelles, repeatedly collapsing and re-forming i.e., reversible breakage .…”

“…Shuchipunov reported that glycerol, ethylene glycol, and formamide can act as primers 8 , and can similarly act as primers 12 . We reported that urea 13 , sucrose fatty acid monoesters 14 , D-ribose 15 , polyglycerols 16 , ascorbic acid 17 , and multivalent carboxylic acids 18 can be used as primers. In our previous study 16 , we used branched polyglycerols PGLs as a primer for preparing lecithin reverse wormlike micelles and compared their phase behavior and rheological properties with those of conventional lecithin reverse wormlike micelles induced by glycerol GL .…”

Groundnut oil based emulsion gels for passive and iontophoretic delivery of therapeutics

“…relative abundance of different phases). [25] However, mesh size plays a significant contribution only when the size of the solute molecule is comparable to the mesh dimension. In this present study, a small molecular weight fluorophore was used to avoid the complications described above.…”