New low inductance gas switches for linear transformer drivers

Woodworth, J. R.; Stygar, W. A.; Bennett, L.F.; Mazarakis, M.G.; Anderson, H. L.; Harden, M.J.; Blickem, J. R.; Gruner, F. R.; White, Roger

doi:10.1103/physrevstab.13.080401

Cited by 74 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This increase in peak current is due solely to the decrease in system inductance due to the improved capacitors and switches. The 48-nS 10%-90% risetime of the LTD-III current pulse is in agreement with earlier results in a single-brick test stand [3]. Figure 7 also shows the loss currents that leaked past the toroids and traveled around the outside of the cavity.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…This causes a fast-rising high voltage pulse in the center of the LTD cavity that may be coupled to a variety of loads, including a coaxial transmission line with a cathode stalk on the centerline as shown in Figure 1. Figure 2 compares the baseline gas switch designed by the High Current Electronics Institute (HCEI) at Tomsk, Russia [2] with the switch jointly designed by L3 pulse sciences and Sandia Laboratories [3] and used in LTD-III. The L3-Sandia switch is significantly smaller than the HCEI switch and hence adds less inductance to the brick circuit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experiments with the 0.6-MA LTD-III accelerator cavity

Woodworth

Fowler

Stygar

et al. 2010

2010 IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference

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We are performing experiments with a 100 kV, 600 kA, 60 GW Linear Transformer Driver cavity. This cavity generates a ~100 ns power pulse from DC-charged capacitors in a single step. Our experiments started with an existing 100-kV, 490 kA LTD cavity and are making a number of improvements to it that are aimed at increasing the cavity's peak output power and better understanding its operation. We are making improvements to the gas switches, the capacitors, and the magnetic toroids as well as heavily instrumenting the cavity. Initial experiments with improved switches and capacitors have increased the cavity's output power by 25%.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments with the 0.6-MA LTD-III accelerator cavity

Woodworth

Fowler

Stygar

et al. 2010

2010 IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference

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“…The output voltage of the additional winding is influenced by the secondary impedance and the equivalent loss resistance of cores, which causes the pulse risetime to be slow. Wang Meng proposes the hybrid 1-MA LTD cavities of 50-brick consisted of four Marx stages at the first two switches triggered and the other switches breakdown by coupling overvoltage pulse [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trigger method based on internal bricks within cavities for Linear Transformer Drivers

Sun

Zeng

Liang

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference (PPC)

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A novel trigger method based on an internal brick and azimuthal line in cavities is presented for Linear Transformer Drivers (LTD). The triggered brick is similar as the other normal bricks in cavities, which has the same charge voltage and the switch gas pressure. When the switch in triggered brick is closed by an external pulse, a high voltage pulse is produced and transmitted to other bricks along an azimuthal line installed in the middle insulator of cavities. Therefore, one external trigger pulse is enough for a 1 MA LTD cavity. This novel trigger manner has been applied successfully in 800 kA cavity with 36 bricks. Based on this novel trigger manner, a trigger method is proposed for a LTD module with multi-stage cavities stacked in series. Only several upstream cavities are triggered by external trigger pulses, and the residual cavities are triggered by the high pulses produced from the particular-location of upstream cavities. This trigger method will greatly simplify the requirements of trigger system, which has a promising application for future 60-MA LTD accelerator.

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“…Therefore, high-voltage and high-power switches are widely investigated by other researchers and are employed in high-power-pulse modulator for high-voltage switch. [7][8][9][10][11] However, the electric fields distribution is not uniform, especially at some junction points in the switch. So the flashover will happen along the surface of insulator between high voltage port and grounded port.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inner surface flash-over of insulator of low-inductance high-voltage self-breakdown gas switch and its application

Zhang

Liu

2014

Review of Scientific Instruments

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In this paper, the inner surface flash-over of high-voltage self-breakdown switch, which is used as a main switch of pulse modulator, is analyzed in theory by employing the method of distributed element equivalent circuit. Moreover, the field distortion of the switch is simulated by using software. The results of theoretical analysis and simulation by software show that the inner surface flash-over usually starts at the junction points among the stainless steel, insulator, and insulation gas in the switch. A switch with improved structure is designed and fabricated according to the theoretical analysis and simulation results. Several methods to avoid inner surface flash-over are used to improve the structure of switch. In experiment, the inductance of the switch is no more than 100 nH, the working voltage of the switch is about 600 kV, and the output voltage and current of the accelerator is about 500 kV and 50 kA, respectively. And the zero-to-peak rise time of output voltage at matched load is less than 30 ns due to the small inductance of switch. The original switch was broken-down after dozens of experiments, and the improved switch has been worked more than 200 times stably.

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New low inductance gas switches for linear transformer drivers

Cited by 74 publications

References 10 publications

Experiments with the 0.6-MA LTD-III accelerator cavity

Experiments with the 0.6-MA LTD-III accelerator cavity

Trigger method based on internal bricks within cavities for Linear Transformer Drivers

Inner surface flash-over of insulator of low-inductance high-voltage self-breakdown gas switch and its application

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