“…Photovoltaictechnologies seem to be the most renowned source of energy in terms of its effectiveness, efficiency, environmental friendliness, and affordability. 1,2 In recent history, signicant progress has been made in the eld of solar energy. As of 2020, the price of generating PV energy has fallen below $0.05 per kW h, and that is equivalent to the cost of producing non-renewable resources.…”